Tesco Plc. 2012 Annual Accounts compare them with Sainsbury Plc. as appropriate

Tesco was established in 1919 and now has become the largest retailer in the UK, the second largest retailer measured by profits and third largest retailer measured by revenues in the world. It has operations in 14 countries with 520,000 people employed and millions of customers served every week (Tesco, 2013). Tesco’s 2012 Annual Report has just published, through which we can critically analyse the company’s operational and financial conditions.There are numerous relationships between the figures published in the annual report, and ratios have been commonly used for conducting a quantitative analysis of these relationships (Atrill and McLaney, 2013). They are calculated by comparing the current year numbers (2011-12) with previous years (2010-11) and other companies. Hence, J Sainsbury plc (known as Sainsbury’s) is chosen since it is the major competitor of Tesco at home. The ratios can be classified into five categories, namely profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, activity or efficiency ratios, gearing ratios and investment ratios. When using the ratios to assess two companies’ performances, relevant social, political and economic changes will all taken into account.Profitability Ratio Profitability ratios are the ratios used to assess a company’s capability to generate earnings in comparison to its expenses and other relevant costs. Major profitability ratios include return on investment (ROI), return on capital employed (ROCE), gross profit margin and net profit margin. Firstly, ROI is a concept evaluating the efficiency of an investment, and equals to ‘net profit after tax’ dividing ‘shareholders’ funds’. For Tesco, its ROI for the financial year 2011-12 was 15.8, decreased by 1.9% from previous year. Nevertheless, it is still better than Sainsbury’s, which got only 10.6%. Therefore, it can be argued that in general the investment on Tesco is more efficient and you can get bette r return.Besides ROI, ROCE is a similar concept which is a relative profit measurement demonstrating the return the business generated from its gross assets. A higher ROCE shows that the company is using its capital more efficiently. In consequence, ROCE should be higher than company’s capital cost, otherwise it tells us that the company is not employing its capital effectively and is not generating shareholder value.It is calculated by ‘profit before interest and tax’ diving ‘shareholder’s funds + long-term debt’. Tesco’s ROCE for the financial year 2011-12 was 13.3%, higher than previous year’s 12.9% and Sainsbury’s 11.1%. The rise of ROCE to some extent resulted from the discontinued operation of Japan. From this point of view it can be argued that Tesco made a right decision to exit from Japan where its investment failed to generate good returns (The Telegraph, 2012).Moreover, gross profit margin and net profit margin are the other two commonly used profitability ratios. The former is defined as the percentage between ‘gross profit’ and ‘sales’, whereas the latter is the percentage between ‘net profit’ and ‘sales’. For Tesco, the two ratios both decreased compared to previous year: The gross profit margin reduced from 8.5% to 8.2% and the net profit margin reduced from 6.0% to 5.9%. It means that this year the company failed to control cost as well as last year. The reduction was caused by various reasons. First of all, the economic downturn in the UK, particularly the high petrol prices and falling real incomes affected  customers’ discretionary spending significantly(BBC News, 2012). In addition, 2012 was a transition year for Tesco .The company not only changed its chairman, CEO and a number of other senior managers, but also made some adjustment on organisational structure and business focused. Finally, the company decided to increa se investment so that to improve customers’ shopping trip, making trading profit declined. In spite of these challenges, Tesco still outweighed Sainsbury’s on profitability, which got 5.4% and 3.6% respectively.Liquidity ratios The second category of ratios called liquidity ratios, which are utilized to determine the ability of a company to pay off its short-term debts. There are important as companies must ensure that these ratios are liquid otherwise they may have problem in paying back its creditors. Two important liquidity ratios are current ratio and acid test ratio.Current ratio measures ‘current assets’ (cash +debtors + stock) against ‘current liabilities’. Tesco’s current ratio in 2012 was 2.01, reduced from 2.12 in 2011. The current asset was rising, but it failed to offset the bigger rising of current liabilities, which was mainly led by the increased short-term borrowings. In 2012 there was a â‚ ¬1500 million medium term n ote (MTN) matured. Nevertheless, it still outperformed Sainsbury’s, whose current ratio was 1.84 in 2012. Because Tesco’s current ratio for the past two years were both greater than 2, it means that the company has no problem to meet creditor’s demands.Acid test ratio differentiates current ratio by excluding stock from the equation as stock may not easily be converted into cash. Tesco’s acid test ratios for the past two years were 1.56 (2011) and 1.45 (2012) respectively. Though decreased by 7.1%, it still great than 1 and Sainsbury’s 0.99, again indicating that Tesco has enough short-term assets to cover its short-term liabilities without selling inventory.Activity/Efficiency Ratios This category of ratios, which mainly includes ratios such as asset turnover,  stock turnover, debtor days and creditor days, measures how well a company utilizing its internal assets and liabilities.Primarily, asset turnover, which equals to ‘sales’ di viding ‘total assets’, measures how efficiency a company is in using its assets to achieve sales revenue to the company. Tesco’s asset turnover ratio in 2012 was 1.27, lower than its previous year’s 1.28 and Sainsbury’s 1.81. Since those companies with low profit margins tend to have high asset turnover ratio whereas companies with high profit margins tend to have low asset turnover ratio, Tesco has bigger profit margin than Sainsbury, and this advantage has been expanded. We should also realize that companies in the retail industry like Tesco and Sainsbury tend to have higher asset turnover ratio than companies in other industries because of their competitive even cutthroat pricing.In addition, the stock turnover ratio indicates how many times a company’s stock is sold and replaced over a period, for instance a year, and is calculated as ‘cost of sales’ divided by ‘stock’. According to this formula, we can get the r esults of 17.50 and 16.48 for Tesco in 2011 and 2012 respectively and 22.48 for Sainsbury’s in 2012. The numbers are within the appropriate interval. A very low stock turnover rate may indicate overstocking whereas a overtop rate may point to stock shortage, which further result in the loss in business. From this point of view, both of the companies manage the stock appropriately.Thirdly, debtor day measures the number of days, on average, that customers take to pay. The formula is ‘debtors (accounts receivable) / sales * 365’. Companies should ensure that its debtor ratio is neither too high nor too low. Otherwise it may face potential risks of either losing customers or losing profit by bad debt. Since most of the retailing business is cash business, supermarkets usually have very short debtor days. Tesco’s debtor days for the past two years were 14 days (2011) and 15 days (2012) respectively while Sainsbury’s has a even shorter debtor day of 5. C reditor day, on the other hand, measures the number of days, on average, that companies take to pay its suppliers.It is calculated by ‘accounts payable / cost of sales * 365’. From the formula we can get that Tesco had 60 creditor  days for the past two years. Together with a very short debtor day, it is evident to see its bargaining power in the market. This helps Tesco maximize profits. Sainsbury also has a big creditor day of 47 days, indicating its strong bargaining power as well.Gearing Ratios Another category of ratios is defined as gearing ratios, including gearing and interest cover ratio. Gearing is defined as the portion of net assets financed through debt rather than equity, and the calculation formula is ‘long-term debt / shareholders’ funds + long-term debt’. The aim of the calculation of gearing ratio is to see whether the company is able to get a healthy long-term financing. Tesco and Sainsbury’s both have good gearing ratios. For Tesco, its gearing ratio in 2012 was 38.4%. In comparison with 40.8% in 2011, it reduced by 5.9%. The decreased gearing reflected Tesco’s stable debt position despite the investment in assets growing. For Sainsbury’s, its gearing ratio in 2012 was 31.7%, meaning that it used even smaller portion of debt to finance net assets.Investment Ratios The final category of ratios is referred to as investment ratios, which are mainly calculated to meet the interests of shareholders and potential investors of the company. The most commonly used shareholder returns rations include dividend per share, dividend yield, and earnings per share (EPS).First, dividend per share, equalling ‘dividend paid’ divided by ‘number of shares’, reflects the belief of the company’s management towards its future growth. For instance, a growing dividend means that the company’s management is confident that the growth can be sustained. Tesco’s 2012 fu ll year dividend was 14.76p, which was an increase of only 2.1% on last year, but lower than Sainsbury’s 16.1p. Although the company continued the record of consecutive years of dividend growth in the FTSE 100, for its shareholders, 2012 was a tough year. The company’s management explains that this was due to their new strategy to forego some short-term profit to re-invest in the long-term health of the business.Second, dividend yield shows how much a company pays out in dividends each year relative to its share price. In the absence of any capital gains, it equals to the return on investment for a stock. Dividend yield can be calculated according to the formula ‘dividend per share / Market price per share’. On 30th March 2013, Tesco and Sainsbury’s dividend yield were 4.24 and 4.14 respectively.Furthermore, earnings per share, known as EPS and calculated as ‘profit after tax’ dividing ‘number of shares’, shows the profit ( or loss) made by every issued share. It is an important indicator of a company’s profitability, and also the single most significant factor in determining the share price. In 2012 Tesco’s EPS was 37.4p, increased by 2.1% from 2011 and higher than its competitor Sainsbury’s 28.1p. Consequently, we can argue that Tesco achieved a modest profit growth in 2012 and it is more profitable than Sainsbury’s.Non-financial performance analysis Financial information particularly the ratio analysis has its limitations. Therefore, we need to analyse non-financial information as well. Primarily, from the scale of the business, Tesco definitely enjoys a larger business scale. It has businesses in 14 countries throughout the world and the total stores numbers is 6,234 in 2012. By contrast, Sainsbury’s on operates in the U.K. with around 1,000 stores. Additionally, from the brand reputation and value aspect, Tesco in general outweigh Sainsbury’s to a large ex tent, particularly in global markets. Nevertheless, at home Sainsbury’s brand awareness is almost as famous as Tesco since the company is using competitive pricing strategy and providing fresh goods to improve customer loyalty.Conclusion To sum up, this essay has used five categories of ratios to critically assess the financial performance of Tesco in view of previous year’s results and the competitor Sainsbury’s. Generally speaking the company delivered modest profit growth in a challenging economic environment, with a strong international performance largely offset by a reduction in UK profits. Owing to strategic changes on organisational structure and business focused,  Tesco’s financial performance was negatively affected. Nevertheless, in many aspects such as profitability and liquidity it still outperformed its major competitor Sainsbury’s. It is confident that the company is able to pass the period of change and development smoothly and it s future prosperity can be expected.

Comparision/ Anthem for Doomed Youth and Dulce Et Decorum Est Essay

All three poems are about the First World War but Peace has a highly patriotic view and displays a positive feeling about war whereas Anthem and Dulce concentrate more on the fact that people were killed for no particular reason and they also look at the true horrors of war. I will mainly be looking at the content and form of the three poems and comparing them to each other. Anthem and Dulce both portray Owen’s bitterness and anger towards the war and this is shown by the first few lines of both poems, in Dulce: â€Å"beggars†(L.1) and â€Å"Hags†(L.2), he uses these words to describe the soldiers and in Anthem: â€Å"die†(L.1) and â€Å"anger†(L.2) are used. Brook however feels that in Peace the world is asleep and dirty without war and only war can cleanse us and wake our youth, which shows that he has a very different view towards war. The fact that Dulce is written in a narrative form and is a real life encounter make it more convincing and persuasive. It has much more informal language than the other two and the language is hard hitting and effective. Peace’s language is more formal and it seems to flow like a speech, with a build up to a dramatic end. Anthem has been written in a way in which you have to solve a riddle in order to find out what is being said. Anthem has the same effect as Dulce in the way that both poems start. They both start of by describing the soldiers’ conditions. Anthem does this by using a simile and personification, comparing the dead soldiers to cattle: † What passing bells for those who die as cattle?† this shows the reader that the soldiers are being thrown in one big grave like â€Å"cattle†. In Anthem the word â€Å"holy†(L.11) suggests that there is some relationship to religion. There have also been more religious ideas brought up in the poem such as: â€Å"Prayers† (L.5) and â€Å"choirs†(L.6/7). This has been used to emphasise the fact that there has been no real funeral for the dead soldiers and despite that, they should still be remembered. Dulce and Peace do not have anything really connected to religion but in the first line of Peace there is a connection to religion when it says:† Now god be thanked who has matched us with his hour†. Anthem and Peace are sonnets unlike Dulce. Anthems starts of with a quicker pace. It has like all sonnets 14 lines and is divided up into two verses one with 8 lines and the other 6, it has unusual rhyming pattern whereas Dulce and Peace both have rhyming words at the end of every other line. Dulce is a poem about a company of men in the war. The men do not have human descriptions but seemed to be describes as though they have aged in this war: â€Å"bent double, like old beggarsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ (L.1). Everyone seems to be in a trance: â€Å"Men marched asleep†(L.5), there is no conversation, just a slow silent march. When the gas attack occurs the men seem to spring back to life. But one man cannot get his mask on his face and runs through the green sea of gas, he was: â€Å"drowning†(L.14), which bring up a similarity between Dulce and Peace that they both have a use of water. In Dulce they are drowning but you cannot drown in gas, you suffocate, so the gas here is being described as a sea of gas. In Peace the water reference is: † to turn, as swimmers into cleanliness leaping†(L.4), which gives you the idea of men diving into water and sighing a breath of relief as they feel their crimes and sins lifted. Dulce and Anthem both portray the horrors of war by using different styles, whereas Peace looks at war in a different way from which people can benefit. Dulce and Anthem use different styles in portraying the horrors of war. I think that Dulce is more effective and dramatic because it shows the death of an innocent soldier, who was suffering to save others. The personal feel that is created in Dulce is that it is written in narrative form and using real-life encounter makes the reader understand the soldiers involved making it effective and persuades the reader to believe war is horrific. Anthem on the other hand concentrates more on the consequences of war and how soldiers are neglected when they are dead. Even though the poem is not set in a scene from the war and not much description of killings and violence is present, it is effective due to the use of real, physical objects such as ‘rifles’ and the heavily descriptive words used to describe the action in the poem. Because of the fact that Dulce is written in narrative form allows the reader to visualise exactly what the conditions of the soldiers were like. In Anthem Owen has deliberately distanced himself from the poem, giving a descriptive account, not a narrative, but more of an unrealistic viewpoint. In Peace Brookes argues that war is a good thing, and needed for life to continue. Overall all 3 poems try to give the reader an insight to war, Dulce and Anthem trying to convince the reader of the dreadfulness of war, whereas Peace is saying war is good. But Dulce is doing this in the most effective way; this may be because Owen has experience of war unlike Brookes.

My Goal accomplished Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Goal accomplished - Essay Example People enjoy videos that are professionally made not knowing or acknowledging the work behind such superb production. Editing requires skills and ones ability to make timely decisions on what needs to be where and at what part of the video (Bigelow 415). It goes without saying that it is a challenging experience that offered me the required knowledge and experience to handle urgent problems. My task was to do video editing for the TRIP program. This task was made hard by the fact that I was needed to edit the videos for them to be 10 minutes or less as the e-learning website could not allow more than that. Unfortunately my videos were running way far than that. Troubleshooting was the only option that I had in order to uncover the problem and overcome it. I needed to come up with HD format videos as I take quality to be of utmost importance. The frame rate in my video appeared incorrect. This happened when I was trying to import and in the instances of capturing. The reason for this came to be that the frame rate was not well maintained before I used it. Capture settings need to match when editing a video. The number of frames that were shot need to match the with the footage capturing. An example is when one shoots 30 frames per second then the footage needs to be captured at 30 frames per second. I also experienced software conflicts with the video editing. This called me to immediately uninstall the software that was being problematic. My Pinnacle – the editing product was overwriting the MPEG codec. All these problems that I experienced needed good troubleshooting skills. I needed to ensure that I install up-to-date software to ensure that the rest of the editing runs smoothly (Bigelow 416). The videos had to have the same shooting frame rate as the capturing rate. This was solved by repeating some of the footage. Trying to come up with the 10 minutes video was a challenge on its own that I solved by

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National Subsidiaries of Multinational Companies - Research Paper Example Global business is constantly evolving and competition across businesses has led to a surge in companies expanding across domestic borders. Multinational companies and their subsidiaries have become an increasingly important part of the global business landscape. How the business is conducted is dependent on the relationship between the headquarters of the MNC and its subsidiaries. Various factors affect this relationship and in turn, determine the ultimate positioning of power in the organization.  Organization structure affects communication patterns and information flows within the MNC. Organization structure facilitates control and improving structural fit with organization strategy serves to bring the goals of the subsidiaries and the MNC on par with each other.  The aim of the paper will be to show that national subsidiaries of multinational corporations are powerless and are totally dependent on their parent company or the host government. The paper starts with some inform ation on MNC-Subsidiary relationship and moves on to discuss the organization structure and the various control mechanisms that are required to ensure that goals of subsidiaries and the headquarters are in parity with the organizational goal. Centralization and decentralization in MNCs, and how it affects the level of control and decision making in the organization is discussed. Moreover, the paper discusses the effects of the language barrier, geographical distance, and human resource management practices on the headquarters-subsidiary relationship and sheds light on the level of autonomy in each situation. The choice of entry as an investment in foreign markets is explained and how the two choices affect the level of control exercised by the headquarters is discussed. The paper ends with a conclusion.

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Immunohistochemical method for identification of ebstein barr virus from the tonsil tissue - Essay Example After performing a series of tests on these samples, it was confirmed that none of these patients had any sort of malignancy or Infectious Mononucleosis. Also, almost all of them had antibodies to EBNA indicating that they were not in acute phase of EBV infection. As there is no in vitro natural system for EBV replication, most of the studies have relied upon the semipermissive EBV carrying Burkitt’s lymphoma cell lines. In this technique, various means are used to induce the reproductive cycle of the virus. The EBV gene products obtained as a result include a protein product of the BZLF 1 gene, called as ZEBRA. This protein plays a role in switching the virus from latency to the lytic cycle.Moreover, another protein called as the viral capsid antigen (VCA) is expressed only in the virus producing cells. This one is in close relation with the capsid of the viral particles. Thus keeping the above information in mind, the following study can be understood.This immunohistochemica l detection revealed the expression of ZEBRA and VCA in about 7-10 of a total of 700 tonsillar mononuclear cells. Three of the eight donors showed the cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Morphologically, these ZEBRA and VCA-positive cells had a resemblance with the lymphocytes. Also, they were found in the same area as the tonsillar mononuclear cells.In order to assess the relationship between the epithelium and EBV lytic proteins, antibodies to ZEBRA, VCA and cytokeratin were obtained and the serial tissue sections were reacted with them.

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Relationship between height and weight of mother birth weight - Essay Example The study of these two quantities among mothers just after giving birth is very important as these are the quantities that is used to calculate the body mass index used for health check (Taylor, 2010, p. 258). The data provided in the spreadsheet gives information about mothers within one hour of giving birth to infants at the oxford street hospital. The information in the data includes the weight of the baby, the age of the mother, their height, weight, gestation period, and whether they smoke or not. In order to analyze the relationship between the height and weight of the mothers, I will plot the scatter graphs, cumulative frequency curve and box plot together with statistical values such as mean, mode, range and median (Cleveland, 1994). Since the population is too large, I will use random sampling method to draw 50 samples from the population to ensure that the investigation represented the population fairly (Mann, 2010). In this case a scientific calculator will be used with function â€Å"Ran#† to generate the random numbers and then multiplied by 1148 to obtain the numbers in the range of 1 to 1148. This will be done keeping in mind that no single random number will be repe ated. The sample will then be used for the study. The hypothesis of this study is that taller mothers weigh more than shorter mothers. This is the expected outcome of this study since when mothers grow tall, they add more mass to their body hence increasing their weight (Nolan & Speed, 2000). As was mentioned above, random sampling was used to obtain 50 samples from the population. The samples is shown in the table 1 below. The data is then analyzed by scatter graph for possible relationship. Frequency curve is used to obtain the lower quartile, median upper quartile (Jan, 1962). The quartile range is then calculated. Box plot is used to analyze the spread of the data. As is evident from the scatter plot above, there is a significant

A controversy in propaganda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A controversy in propaganda - Essay Example This is in addition to distributing such information to concerned citizens via their right to receive such ‘accurate’ news. Indeed as one of America’s founding fathers would portend – an informed society is essential for democracy to thrive (ODonnell and Garth 57). In order for information to have both value and meaning, it ought to be not only objective, but also reasonably complete and accurate. Hence, the ideal that both the objectivity and freedom of the press are a cornerstone of democracy. To be noted is that with freedom, as enshrined in democracies, comes both challenges and responsibilities (Chomsky and Edward 41). This necessitates correspondence that is both objective and balanced, despite prevailing personal perspectives; often in the most horrible of human conditions. In addition, when faced with the various tragedies of human misunderstandings and conflicts, it is difficult for one to remain as a detached observer. The media industry, under continuous pressure to deliver captivating and compelling news, often finds it difficult to successfully resist various temptations to sensationalize information presented (Chomsky and Edward 44). Historically, a majority of attempts made in measuring the effects of propaganda involved highly artificial techniques. However, these have not really captured the effects of propaganda because of the sleeper effect; that is, delayed reactions until the propaganda has penetrated resistance from the intended audience. Historically, the media has been on the forefront in propagating propaganda through conveyance of messages, ideals and perspectives. This has been the case from the early times newspapers, leaflets and catalogues, to the present-day society, where social media amongst other forms of electronic media, have and continue influencing society. This has been through different avenues of ‘loading’ information output in such manner, as to serve as an avenue

Oedipus the king by Sophocles by August Wilson Research Paper

Oedipus the king by Sophocles by August Wilson - Research Paper Example The massager conveys information that the culprit is within the town. Oedipus confirms to his people that he will provide a solution for the issue, by cursing and chasing the murderer from the land (Grene 12). In order to solve the issue, Oedipus seeks the services of the prophet who unravels to him that he is himself the murderer. Oedipus does not believe; instead he blames the prophet and his brother of being in cohorts to destroy his kingship (Grene 16). August Wilson’s fences commences with Troy and Brono in their usual drinking place. Troy is inquiring from his employer the reasons behind the black’s denial to drive the vehicle for garbage. Bono has a notion that Troy is unfaithful to his wife. Meanwhile, troy and Rose’s son have have a place in the soccer team (Shannon 14). Their father was once in the team but could not take part in important leagues because he was old at the moment the team could accept blacks. Cory resigns from the job and wants Troy to let him play, but Troy declines telling him to resume work. Later, troy gets a job as driver contrary to his expectation. In this play, Wilson explores the encounters of blacks in the United States by covering various aspects of discrimination against blacks. Cory resigns from the job and wants Troy to let him play, but Troy declines telling him to resume work. Later, troy gets a job as driver contrary to his expectation. In this play, Wilson explores the encounters of blacks in the United States by covering various aspects of discrimination against blacks. In this paper, emphasis is on comparing and contrasting the plays Oedipus the king and fences, taking into consideration thematic and stylistic devices (Shannon 14).... However, he has no idea until the plague befalls his land (Grene 8). Determined to solve the problem, he sends his brother to the oracle to come with a solution for the problem. His brother comes with the news that the murderer of the former king had to flee from the land for the plague to end. The prophecy stated that Oedipus would â€Å"die a victim† after killing his father and sleeping with his mother (Grene 9). When Oedipus learns of the prophecy, he has no powers to change the situation thus he succumbs as the prophecy state. In this case, the Oedipus cannot decide on what to do because there are powers beyond his abilities, he has no free will, and fate has to prevail. The theme of fate attempts to portray how it is impossible to escape fate (Grene 11). From an observers view, it is not right to blame Oedipus for his deeds because they occur without his consent. Moreover, the prophecy must come true. He has no power to overcome the condition hence he lacks the free will to direct his life since it is fate that depicts his life. The play, fences by Wilson portrays the theme of racism where the blacks face immense suffering due to discrimination (Shannon 15). Troy and Brono narrates to each other the problem they encountered when they were young under the southern regime. Their stories indicate how similar and different their times were, in comparison to the times of their children. Bruno and Troy recalls the life during slavery and after slavery when their father participated in immoral issues. Bruno narrates how his father experienced stress to an extent of failing to play his role as a father (Shannon 18). Racism is evident where the blacks cannot participate in major matches of a national team. The first scene occurs with Troy being unable to

Strategies for effective college level writing; Essay

Strategies for effective college level writing; - Essay Example The first strategy that a college student should adopt is coming up with a sequential strategy for developing composition. The first step should be to come up with a pre-write. Writing early and often can help a student to become acquainted with writing essays. It is also important to use diagrams to develop thought pattern which will give the student a better perspective on the subject of the essay. It is also a good habit to write at least two drafts before writing the final paper. After developing the draft, the next step is revising the draft based on the advice from peers and instructors. Finally, the student should make a habit of proofreading the final draft and correcting grammatical errors and other errors before writing the final paper (Bezbatchenko, 2013). No matter the level of complexity the assignment involves, the best papers are always the ones that were as a result of a carefully planned approach. That means that one has to plan the available time carefully to avoid last minute rush and a poorly written paper. Students are advised to ensure that they have planned times to start and end writing. Therefore, one will be compelled to start writing when the time arrives. This is important since it will help the student avoid procrastination. One will also need time to do research, brainstorm ideas, organize materials, process and analyze ideas, write and re-write the paper. Students have a habit of writing shallow content in their papers. This is a result of poor research and poor time management. Unless one has been specifically instructed to write a research paper, college level writing involves more than collecting information from various sources and writing them as a college paper. It is important for a student to establish a unique perspective on the topic. As one searches for information, one should consider developing their own voices in the paper. The paper should be written with

Economic Commentary Essay Example for Free

Economic Commentary Essay This article talks about a recent increase in the rate of unemployment in the Euro-zone countries due to the fall of the rate of inflation, which was caused by a decrease in the oil and commodity prices. In this commentary, I will analyze the relationship between these two economic problems, discuss their effects and evaluate the possible solutions. Europe’s inflation dropped from 1.6% to 1.1% in the last two months. According to economic theory, such a fall in the general price level (PL) is not ideal because it limits economic growth. In this case, the decrease of inflation rate is caused by a raise in the short run aggregate supply (SRAS) due to the fall of the oil and commodity prices. This also reduces the consumer’s price expectations, therefore decreasing aggregate demand (AD). [See graphs] The effects of this situation are double-sided. The fall in the European inflation rate will hurt people with variable incomes, and benefit people with fixed incomes. Due to the increase in the purchasing power of money, it will hurt borrowers and benefit lenders. As the value of money rises, savings will become more productive; however, it will cause a fall in expectations that reduces investment in the stock market. Finally, it will discourage the creation of new ventures; although, it will prevent future capital flight. In addition to these effects, inflation provokes unemployment. The European Central Bank (ECB) has reported that its unemployment rate rose from 7.9% to 8% in December, as inflation decreased. In the European Union, anyone 15 years of age or older who is not working but available for work and actively looking for one is considered unemployed. This type of unemployment is classified as cyclical because it varies with the business cycle. In order to understand better how unemployment relates to inflation, the economist A.W. Phillips did several studies showing that there is a trade-off between them. As inflation increases, people have more money in their hands. This will encourage the government to increase its spending, hence creating new jobs. Phillips designed a curve (PC) that portrayed the relationship between these contradictory macroeconomic goals. Increasing unemployment has the following economic and social costs: According to Arthur Okun, for every 1% increase in unemployment, there is a 2.5% decrease in the real GDP which will increase government borrowing and budget deficit, leading to a raise in the indebtedness of the countries. More unemployment implies more people insured by the social security programs; hence, the government welfare costs will increase. In addition, less people in conditions to pay income taxes will reduce government tax revenues. Unemployment causes an increase in homelessness and, therefore, in street violence and crime. Similarly, it incites alcoholism and drug consumption, as well as immigration and suicides. From the PC, it can be concluded that a higher inflation will decrease the rate of unemployment in the EU. This, according to the article, will be attempted by the ECB through the implementation of discretionary expansionary monetary policy, which consists in a raise in money supply and a decrease in interest rate, to increase AD and lower SRAS. This is a policy taken from the Neo-Keynesian macro-model that believes in interventionism and short run measures to prevent deflation. [See graph] One of the strengths of monetary policy is the short recognition, decision and execution lags. According to economists Mendel Gordon and Milton Freedman, they vary from 5-10 months and 6-24 months, respectively. One of its weaknesses, identified by Neo-Keynesian fiscal activists, is the weak links between banks and borrowers. This means that, regardless the interest rate changes, expectations remain unchanged. Fiscal activists also believe that monetary policy works indirectly and, thus, more slowly; however, monetary activists claim that it is not slower than fiscal policy. Finally, monetary policy would succeed in increasing the rate of inflation, although it is limited by cash leakages and volt cash. Moreover, Milton Freedman affirms that it may destabilize the economy because of insufficient information. Consequently, it is better to follow the K% rule which consists in the establishment of a constant money growth rate determined by the Central Bank.

Marketing Strategy Coffee-Mate

Marketing Strategy Coffee-Mate 1.0 Introduction Aim Coffee-mate, a popular retailed non-dairy creamer manufactured and owned by Nestle (A Swiss multinational food and beverage company). Being part of Nestle is one of the reason behind the successful branding of Coffee-mate, Nestle provide value-added advantages that differs Coffee-mate from its peers. Coffee-Mate has developed 29 flavours of creamers, customers can enjoy them in different forms in the wide range of: Powder, Liquid, Sugar-free and reduced fat (Coffee-mate, 2014). These comprehensive varieties of flavours offer Coffee-mate unrivalled product options which satisfy their customers’ expectations. ‘Coffee-mate kind of lifts the flavour. It makes a richer, better-tasting cup of coffee, whether it be an instant or a real one.’ (Coffee-mate article, 2014). The huge customer base could be an opportunity for Coffee-mate to target and capture their market; or a thread if Coffee-mate targeted the market wrongly. This report will be presented according to the ma rket segmentation of Coffee-mate, following by evaluating and analysing the TGI’s consumer survey in terms of target market attractiveness of Coffee-mate. 2.0 Market Segmentation Broad Narrow (Figure 1) Market segmentation is a process of dividing the whole market for a product or service into segments with different and unique characteristics (Hartline F, 2011). By referring to Figure 1, Market targeting can be implemented at different stages: Broad (Mass-marketing), Narrow (Micro-marketing) or in between (Concentrated marketing). In this subtitle will evaluate the market targeting strategies and recommend the best strategy according to Coffee-mate current situation. 2.1 Mass-marketing (Targeting one segment) If Coffee-mate chooses to use mass-marketing, which means it will be ignoring the entire market segments’ characteristics and choose to target the whole market with only one product type (Hartline F, 2011). If so, Coffee-mate will lose the market share generated by their extended product, Coffee-mate Lite (Article, 2014). It is most likely to be impossible for Coffee-mate to develop a product to fit into all the segments because each segments has their own unique characteristics. Also, Coffee-mate might be facing more competitive peers with a more product-focused and tailored marketing strategy (Micro-marketing). Micro-marketing only aims at one segment where the company will try to customize its product to fit the customer perfectly, which can be considered as a thread for Coffee-mate if it is implementing the mass-marketing strategy which aims the market segments broadly. Consequently, Coffee-mate will lose its competitiveness; relatively lose its market dominance. 2.2 Concentrated Marketing (Targeting multiple segments) Differentiated marketing allows Coffee-mate to target few large and potential sub segments with one or more than one product (Hartline F, 2011). Coffee-mate should choose to target multiple segments by implementing differentiated marketing strategy, in order to increase their profitability and its possible for them to gain more market dominance it’s achieved in previous times (55%). In details, Coffee-mate and Coffee-mate Lite should have targeted different segments according to to customers age, income level, social status etc. It was given that the coffee-mate and coffee-mate lite act as a complement goods to coffee, they both are undergoing a change in parallel. Through observation wise, National Food Survey (N/A) suggested that households will keen to spend more on coffee if they are earning high income and old pensioners spent most among the customers (Exhibit 10.3). Additionally, childless households are the most intense coffee drinkers (Exhibit 10.4). Therefore, Coffee- mate should target the high income, old pensioners and childless segment. In order to perform a more precise and efficient market targeting, Coffee-mate should target its Coffee-mate and Coffee-mate Lite into separate market segment. The National Food Survey (N/A) stated that there is a slightly skew of heavy Coffee-mate buyers towards the characteristics of: lower social class, aged 45+ and 2-3 person households with children. Whereas, the Coffee-mate Lite users have a slight bias towards 45-64 year-olds, full-time working housewives and households without children. Health concern like fat intake has been raising the awareness of customers. Consequently, some customers might be reluctant to add creamer to coffee. Therefore, Coffee-mate Lite can be segmented for customers who are most likely yo be concerned with their health levels. From all information and observations, it is concluded that Coffee-mate should aim at multiple segment. 3.0 Evaluation of TGI’s user survey TGI’s User Survey covered instant/ground coffee and powdered milk/coffee creamer, market yielded five potential consumer groups for Coffee-mate. As aforementioned, Coffee-mate should choose to aim to serve multiple segments. Hence, this part of the report will aim to evaluate the attractiveness of these 5 potential segments that TGI surveyed. It is also aim to recommend the best segment for Coffee-mate to target. Total Sample Proportion of TGI’s User Survey 3.1 Segment 1 – Experimentalists The experimentalists can be considered as younger group which are keen to pay for luxurious products. In fact, Coffee-mate positions itself as ‘Indulgence’. Therefore, the strong branding of Coffee-mate through Nestle could help it to gain brand loyalty, by changing the buying behaviour of the experimentalists towards Coffee-mate. Additionally, users of creamer like the experimentalists are likely to replace their consumption from cream to Coffee-mate because they are considered as substitute goods. 3.2 Segment 2 Cost Constrained, Older, Conservative People in the cost constrained, older and conservative group are more sensitive to the variation of the price. When come to purchasing, the demand would be more price elastic, they would ignore the brand and price will be their first concern. In result, they would buy cheaper competitor brands. Furthermore, they are not really a user of Coffee-mate. Consequently, for Coffee-mate, this segment is not worth targeting due to a low brand loyalty and high possibility of substitution effect. 3.3 Segment 3 – Affluent, Young Foodies The affluent, young foodies are the people who prefer healthier diet; they are willing and affordable to pay more for that. These people claimed to use Coffee-mate often and also cream consumers. Consequently, the Sarah and Anna group would be the potential customer based for Coffee-mate. In addition, Coffee-mate Lite would be the best product to sell them since it is healthier and lower fat. 3.4 Segment 4 – Cost Constrained, Young Families ‘Dawn and Lisa’ group is severely constrained by their low income. They are not health conscious, indeed they have a mind-set of frozen food is as nutritious as fresh foods. Hence, they tend to buy own-label goods cause of the cheaper price they offer. Cost Constrained, young families never use cream. Thus, Coffee-mate should not set them as a targeted segment because they are improbable to use its product. 3.5 Segment 5 – Affluent The ‘Dorothy and Amy’ group of consumer has been considered as the people that are most likely to buy Coffee-mate’s product. However, advertising of Coffee-mate could be hard to reach them as they have low media awareness and they found ads are not entertaining. If Coffee-mate wants to aim this segment, Coffee-mate Lite would be the best product to serve them. Yet, they are fairly traditional, might tend to use milk or real cream as a complement to their coffee. 4.0 Recommendations Based on the TGI’s User Survey, the ‘Affluent, young foodies’ and ‘Experimentalists’ are the most potential group for Coffee-mate to target and they all fit into Coffee-mate’s strengths. The reasons behind the targeted segment are because they have interesting characteristics: Affluent, young foodies fit into Coffee-mate strengths: Middle Social Class Light Media awareness High Grocery expenditure High Income level (Afford to pay) According to the study, ‘Affluent, young foodies’ shared a sample proportion of 24.4% throughout the survey. They could be the potential customers for Coffee-mate because they are heavy users of instant coffee and cream. Coffee-mate has to use some traditional advertising to reach these customers because they are light users of media, in this sense, Coffee-mate could save some advertising cost in this segment. Affluent, young foodies tend to try new products, this push Coffee-mate a better position. However, the only drawback is they are very health conscious. Chealth (2014) stated that calling a ‘non-dairy’ creamer is not always true and non-dairy creamers makers tend to add extra ingredients to mimic the qualities of milk which will boost consumers’ calorie count. Marketing means persuading, Coffee-mate needs advertise their product in a healthier aspect to give Coffee-mate a healthier image. After all, the ‘Sarah and Anna – Affluent, y oung foodies’ still the most potential and lucrative segment to target by considering all the characteristics. Experimentalist fit into Coffee-mate strengths: High Media Awareness Middle income Heavy User of Coffee Experimentalist shared a 15.4% of sample proportion of the survey. They are considered as the same age group as the ‘Affluent, young foodies’, but they have some unique characteristics of: Materialistic, Fashionable and stylish. Experimentalist has high media awareness; therefore Coffee-mate could advertise their product by using celebrity. In result, it could be more reachable to this segment of customers because they will just buy it because the popular celebrity does. Advertising could take place by using multimedia advertising like Twitter, Facebook, Youtube ads and so on. 5.0 Summary This report was formed to evaluate the market segmentation of Coffee-mate with a further analysis and evaluation of the TGI’s User Survey for Coffee-mate. The report draws attention to the consumer behaviour from different groups, and how Coffee-mate should target it and which marketing strategies should Coffee-mate implemented. Furthermore, an evaluation of the TGI’s User Survey was taken into consideration to understand each and every different group of consumers’ behaviour. Last but not least, recommendations of the best segment to target were given to Coffee-mate: This will conclude that Coffee-mate should aim for the Experimentalist and Affluent, young foodies. 6.0 References BritishCoffeeAssociation (2014). British Coffee Association – Coffee Facts. [online] Available at: http://www.britishcoffeeassociation.org/about_coffee/coffee_facts/ [Accessed 15 November 2014]. CHealth (2014) CHealth: 7 Things You Need To Know About Non-dairy Coffee Creamer. [Online] Available at: http://chealth.canoe.ca/channel_section_details.asp?text_id=5709channel_id=44relation_id=48473 [Last Accessed 14 November 2014]. Coffee-mate. (2014). Products – All Flavours/Coffee-mate. [Online] Available at: https://www.coffee-mate.com/Products/Default.aspx#f1d167d0-4141-4bf8-9ee5-b09a8b15e76e [Last Accessed 10 November 2014] Hartline, F. (2011) Marketing Management Strategies. 5th ed. South –Western, Cengage Learning. Moodle. (2014). Coffee-Mate case study. [Online] Available at: https://moodle.kent.ac.uk/2014/pluginfile.php/196771/mod_resource/content/1/coffee_mate_case_study.pdf [Last accessed 14 November 2014].

Cause and Effect :: essays research papers

Cause and Effect of Price Wars   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When large sums of money are at stake, many companies bend and flex to their limits to guarantee defeat over the competition. Sometimes they take a loss in one area for a gain in another area. There is a cause for every action the company makes, and in return for their action there is an effect. Although the effect can sometimes be pre-determined, no one is really sure what the outcome is going to be until the time comes. There are millions of cars on the road today and they all require tires. When an owner replaces the tires on his or her vehicle, they can decide what make and model will be on the car. But when a buyer purchases a new car, they do not have the option of which tires they would like.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is severe competition in today’s tire market between Goodyear, Firestone, and Michelin. They all want their tire to appear on new cars. The tires that come on the car are usually determined by who has the lowest price for the best tires. But companies can bid too low in the heat of a price war. Since the company needs to make a profit on their product, the production cost is lowered, in tern the quality of the product could be lowered.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A perfect example of this happened in 1997 between Goodyear and Firestone. They both wanted their tires to appear on the Ford Explorer. This brought a debate to the table. Who could make the better offer to Ford? Well, Firestone did. Goodyear could not match the price Firestone had offered, and at the same time meet their own quality standards. This caused Firestone to take that share of the market, and the effect of the low bid was to soon be realized.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since Ford had accepted the low bid, Firestone did not have as much money to produce each tire. The lower price directly related to the lower quality of the tire. Also there was less budget for proper testing. Since, Firestone was quick to get their product mounted on the Explorer and on the market, the lower budgeted tire underwent poor, unrealistic testing. Investigators said that Ford never really tested these tires in real world conditions. They ran them at 90 miles per hour for 200 miles at and average temperature of 90 degrees, which is not exactly considered every day driving. Cause and Effect :: essays research papers Cause and Effect of Price Wars   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When large sums of money are at stake, many companies bend and flex to their limits to guarantee defeat over the competition. Sometimes they take a loss in one area for a gain in another area. There is a cause for every action the company makes, and in return for their action there is an effect. Although the effect can sometimes be pre-determined, no one is really sure what the outcome is going to be until the time comes. There are millions of cars on the road today and they all require tires. When an owner replaces the tires on his or her vehicle, they can decide what make and model will be on the car. But when a buyer purchases a new car, they do not have the option of which tires they would like.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is severe competition in today’s tire market between Goodyear, Firestone, and Michelin. They all want their tire to appear on new cars. The tires that come on the car are usually determined by who has the lowest price for the best tires. But companies can bid too low in the heat of a price war. Since the company needs to make a profit on their product, the production cost is lowered, in tern the quality of the product could be lowered.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A perfect example of this happened in 1997 between Goodyear and Firestone. They both wanted their tires to appear on the Ford Explorer. This brought a debate to the table. Who could make the better offer to Ford? Well, Firestone did. Goodyear could not match the price Firestone had offered, and at the same time meet their own quality standards. This caused Firestone to take that share of the market, and the effect of the low bid was to soon be realized.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since Ford had accepted the low bid, Firestone did not have as much money to produce each tire. The lower price directly related to the lower quality of the tire. Also there was less budget for proper testing. Since, Firestone was quick to get their product mounted on the Explorer and on the market, the lower budgeted tire underwent poor, unrealistic testing. Investigators said that Ford never really tested these tires in real world conditions. They ran them at 90 miles per hour for 200 miles at and average temperature of 90 degrees, which is not exactly considered every day driving.

Virginia Wolf :: essays research papers

TEST NO. 1, QUESTION 1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Virginia Woolf’s two passages describing two very opposite meals that was served at the men’s college and the other at the women’s college; reflects Woolf’s attitude toward women’s place in society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Woolf describes her meal at the men’s college she describes in such a way that implies luxury and choice. The syntax and diction work with Woolf to possess this tone, â€Å"many, various, rewards, succulent, and heaven† all contribute to Woolf’s view on men. The implication is she sees that men are of superiority to women further more the fact that men have choices in means is parallel with the idea that they have choices in society a la voting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The description of the women’s meal could be summed up in one word, plain. Syntactically there are many examples promoting the simplicity of women in society at the time. For the excerpt to open with, â€Å"Here was my soup,† shows the monosyllabic words being used and the simplicity of the sentence all imply just that of women’s roll in society; simple, short-lived, and unimportant. The sentence, â€Å"the plate was plain . . . transparent . . . no pattern,† just so does a painter thinks of his canvas of white – colorless. The quote reinforces that idea also illustrating that to use the plain ties in with women and their roll in society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The behavior mentioned in the women’s excerpt, â€Å"everyone scraped their chairs back; the swing-doors swung violently to and fro.† The women being described are women who are careless of the way they carry themselves due to their place in society where they cannot do nothing but be a lady. Virginia Wolf :: essays research papers TEST NO. 1, QUESTION 1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Virginia Woolf’s two passages describing two very opposite meals that was served at the men’s college and the other at the women’s college; reflects Woolf’s attitude toward women’s place in society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Woolf describes her meal at the men’s college she describes in such a way that implies luxury and choice. The syntax and diction work with Woolf to possess this tone, â€Å"many, various, rewards, succulent, and heaven† all contribute to Woolf’s view on men. The implication is she sees that men are of superiority to women further more the fact that men have choices in means is parallel with the idea that they have choices in society a la voting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The description of the women’s meal could be summed up in one word, plain. Syntactically there are many examples promoting the simplicity of women in society at the time. For the excerpt to open with, â€Å"Here was my soup,† shows the monosyllabic words being used and the simplicity of the sentence all imply just that of women’s roll in society; simple, short-lived, and unimportant. The sentence, â€Å"the plate was plain . . . transparent . . . no pattern,† just so does a painter thinks of his canvas of white – colorless. The quote reinforces that idea also illustrating that to use the plain ties in with women and their roll in society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The behavior mentioned in the women’s excerpt, â€Å"everyone scraped their chairs back; the swing-doors swung violently to and fro.† The women being described are women who are careless of the way they carry themselves due to their place in society where they cannot do nothing but be a lady.

Decision Making Model Essay -- essays research papers

Decision Making Model Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Decision making models can be very effective in problem solving. Scheduling is a big problem at Direct HomeHealth Care and a solution needed to be found. Scheduling software which can be very expensive was the only conclusion that could be reached. With much thought and analysis a resolution was reached with critical thought and a decision making model from the Small Business Development Center. Decision making models can be very helpful in analyzing a problem and setting up a step by step process to evaluate and come to a favorable conclusion. Recently there has been a problem at my agency with scheduling and the difficulty the on call schedulers have with toting around several very large scheduling books. The Small Business Development Center has a decision making model to assist with problem solving and I have chosen their web sight to aid with this problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first step in this decision making model is to recognize a problem exist and set a solution objective. Direct HomeHealth Care’s everyday business is making sure patients are scheduled properly and taken care of by nursing assistants. There are approximately 250 patients and 250 nursing assistants. Scheduling books are used to keep track of every patient and every nursing assistant that is scheduled to see that patient. The patient books are divided up by payer source, for example, Medicaid, Social Services or private pay patients. The nursing books are categori...

What You Have Learned About Why We Assess Young Children

Consider what you have learned about why we assess young children. Based on pages 31–33 of  Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning  and the video segment â€Å"Overview of Assessment†,† briefly explain the importance of developmentally appropriate assessments. ANS: There are different importance of developmentally appropriate assessments that I learned from our text. As a teachers we can not assume every age are the same or makes an assumption about their development and learn style.It is very important to identify which area each child need special help and set a goal on how we can help them out. Assessment help teachers to set a goal for each child in their care. Assessment information can used as communication log in a meeting with other staffs or with parent in a conference. Policymakers, the early childhood profession, and other stakeholders in young children's lives have many shared responsibilities regarding effective assessment (NAEYC & NAEC/SDE, 2003, p. 4).Using the information presented on pages 3–6 of Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning, explain the responsibilities of each of these groups in ensuring effective assessment. ANS: As a professional child care our responsibilities to ensure an effective assessment is to identify the make issue that we are trying to help each child on. Set a goal and programs that can help to improve their literacy and development. After the assessment teachers should use the appropriate assessment methods on each child.Share their results with the children, their parent and others staffs. Also as the text stated â€Å" developing valid pupil grading procedures which use pupil assessment. Parent,policy makers and the general public; with the accountability are expected to report their procedures and they are sensitive to children progress make sure children do well on their accountability tests. The test to this result are available to e veryone from teachers, parent to general public.Professionals must have detail information to present to other for children with special needs. Teachers must be sensitive to children from different culture because their ways are different from United States systems. Most children are going to have their first experience in speaking English in their classroom among their peers and their caregiver. Assessment must be done in the right way to achieve the right goal for each child in our care. Each child approaches, interacts, and processes their world in unique ways.Effective assessment takes this uniqueness into account through sensitivity to individual abilities and linguistic, social, and cultural differences. Review pages 18–23 of  Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning, and explain, using examples, why sensitivity to each of these factors is such an important component of effective assessment. Then, summarize the role fair and impartial assessment plays in achieving this sensitivity. ANS: The reason why each of these factors on assess all children fairly is because children with disabilities are special in their own ways.Even though they may not fit in the category of their peers but they are still required to be challenges and have the right activities put in place for them. Other other hand many children here in United States are from diverse homes. And as a teacher we must be sensitive to children culture and their belief and value. Children that comes from different background from us may speak different from us and act in a different way, but we should judge them and understand everyone act and do things differently. Because culture influence the way children thinks, the way they interact with people around them.Example: in Nigeria we are taught to always response to people that are older than us as â€Å"yes, ma'am† to never ague with adult is a way to show respect. Assessment information help teachers to identi fy which areas children needs help and it can be used as communication tools among staffs or other professional child care. However right assessment method must be use on each child to achieve the right information that I needed for each child. Reference Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning

Bell 412 Specs

Bell 412EP Product Specifications May 2012 Specifications subject to change without notice. Bell 412EP Product Specification 412 Product Spec – COVER. indd 1 1 November 2011 6/5/2012 8:41:16 PM 412 Product Spec – COVER. indd 2 6/5/2012 8:41:16 PM Table of Contents Publisher’s Notice †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1 Bell 412EP †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Specification Summary (U.S. Units) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 Specification Summary (Metric Units) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 BLR Strake and FastFin ® †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 External Dimensions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 Bell 412EP Seating and Interior Trim Choices †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 Standard Configuration†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 12 Optional Accessories †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 16 Helicopter Performance Charts †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 21 Hover Performance Charts †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 Fuel Flow vs. Airspeed †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 31 Cost of Operations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 44 Limited Life Components †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 47 Paint Schemes †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 1 i  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:05 PM 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 2 6/5/2012 8:37:05 PM Publisher’s Notice The data presented in this document are general in nature, and have been compiled from Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. (BHTI) source materials incl uding but not limited to: The Approved Rotorcraft Flight Manual, Maintenance Manual, Illustrated Parts Catalog, and other engineering design specifications.This document is intended for the use of BHTI employees, and BHTI independent representatives (international dealers), and for prospective customers as an aid in determining estimated weight and performance of the helicopter when configured with equipment for specific missions. Disclosure, reproduction, or use of any material in this document by persons other than BHTI employees, and BHTI independent representatives, and prospective customers are forbidden without written permission from Bell Helicopter Textron Inc.The listings of Optional Equipment (â€Å"Kits†) are subject to revision and change, and also may be different for specific serial number helicopters or special custom configurations. Please consult the â€Å"Notes† column found in the optional equipment list tables for equipment compatibility. The contin uing product improvement process of BHTI may cause some components, equipment, and compatibility to be changed or replaced. The specifications, weights, dimensions, and performance data shown in this document are subject to change without notice. 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Bell, 206, 407, 407GX, 429, 412, Huey II, LongRanger and JetRanger are registered trademarks of Textron Innovations Inc. All rights reserved Specifications subject to change without notice. Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 1 1  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:05 PM Page Intentionally Left Blank  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 2 2 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 8:37:05 PM Bell 412EP RELIABLE, RUGGED AND READYThe Bell 412EP is the workhorse of the helicopter industry with a reputation of getting up and going to work every day in even the most extreme environments. †¢ Proven Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3D Twin Pac engines with more than 25 million flight hours in more than 2,000 aircraft worldwide †¢ High retirement and overhaul intervals – 5,000 hour drive system TBO – 4,000 hour engine overhaul interval – On-condition composite main rotor blades †¢ 25,000 hours between premature engine removals †¢ Excellent Category A / JAR OPS 3 capability †¢ Rugged fuselage with rollover bulkhead protection and rupture resistant fuel cellsThe data set forth in this document are general in nature and may vary with conditions. For performance data and operating limitations for any specific flight mission, reference must be made to the approved Flight Manual Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 3 3  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:05 PM Specification Summary (U. S. Units) Weight lb Weight lb Empty Weight (IFR Std. Config. ) 1 6,964 Maximum Gross Weight (Internal) 11,900 Useful Load (In ternal, IFR Std. Config. ) 4,936 Maximum Gross Weight (External) 11,900 Maximum External Load 4,500 Performance Summary:Takeoff, Gross Weight lb IGE Hovering Ceiling 9,500 10,500 11,900 ISA OGE Hovering Ceiling ft 17,400 14,300 10,200 ISA + 20  °C ft 14,400 10,900 6,200 ISA 10,400 5,200 10,300 6,050 (11,890 lb @ SL) ISA ft 14,000 11,270 7,270 ft 12,120 9,000 4,990 ISA Service Ceiling (AEO) 13,800 ft ISA + 20  °C FAA Take Off and Landing Limit, WAT 2 ft ISA + 20  °C ft 19,840 18,760 16,290 (continuous OEI) ISA ft 11,450 8,850 5,400 (30 minute OEI) 3 ISA ft 12,850 10,500 7,600 4,000 ft, ISA kts 132 130 125 n mi 366 364 358 kts 126 125 122 n mi 414 410 401 kts 131 130 125 Maximum Continuous Cruise (true airspeed) Cruise at Long Range Cruise (LRC) SpeedRange 4 LRC Speed (average true airspeed) Range SL, ISA 4 LRC Speed (average true airspeed) Catagory A Takeoff and Landing Ceiling 4,000 ft, ISA ft 6,000 3,400 (11,580 lb @ SL) ft 3,750 1,200 (10,800 lb @ SL) SL, ISA hr 4. 0 3. 9 3. 6 4,000 ft, ISA Endurance at Loiter Speed 4 ISA ISA + 20  °C Elevated Helipad hr 4. 3 4. 2 3. 9 Uninstalled Thermodynamic Power Engine Ratings: (100% RPM) Engine Rated Power 2 x 950 2 x 900 Standard: Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3D Twin Pac Takeoff (5 minutes) SHP Max Continuous Power SHP 2 x 950 2 x 800 OEI (2-1/2 minutes) SHP 1 x 1,140 1 x 1,133 OEI (continuous) SHP 1 x 970 1 x 1,024 OEI (30 minutes)SHP 1 x 1,066 1 x 1,079 OEI (continuous) SHP 1 x 950 N/A Optional: Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3DF Twin Pac Transmission Ratings (100% RPM, at mast) Takeoff (5-minute) 1,370 SHP Max Continuous Power 1,110 SHP Single Engine Limited by Power Available Fuel (usable) Type Aviation Turbine Capacity 330. 5 US Gallons Note 1 IFR Standard Configuration includes all items listed in the Standard Configuration table of this document as well as twenty-five pounds (eleven kilograms) of engine oil. Ballast is not included in the standard configuration (ballast is a function of installed equipment). Note 2 With BLR FastFin ® System.Does not apply for Catagory B, 9-passenger seat configuration. The data set forth in this document are general in nature and may vary with conditions. For performance data and operating limitations for any specific flight mission, reference must be made to the approved Flight Manual  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 4 4 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 8:37:06 PM Specification Summary (Metric Units) Weight kg Weight kg Empty Weight (IFR Std. Config. ) 1 3,159 Maximum Gross Weight (Internal) 5,398 Useful Load (Internal, IFR Std. Config. ) 2,239 Maximum Gross Weight (External) 5,398Maximum External Load 2,041 Performance Summary: Takeoff, Gross Weight kg IGE Hovering Ceiling ISA 4,309 4,763 5,398 m 5,304 4,359 3,109 ISA + 20  °C m 4,389 3,322 1,890 ISA OGE Hovering Ceiling m 4,206 3,170 1,585 ISA + 20  °C m 3,139 1,844 (5,393 kg @ SL) ISA m 4,267 3,435 2,216 ISA + 20  °C FAA Take Off and Landing Li mit, WAT 2 m 3,694 2,743 1,521 Service Ceiling (AEO) ISA m 6,047 5,718 4,919 (continuous OEI) ISA m 3,490 2,697 1,646 ISA m 3,917 3,200 2,316 1,219 m, ISA km/h 244 241 232 km 678 674 663 (30 minute OEI) 3 Maximum Continuous Cruise (true airspeed) Cruise at Long Range Cruise (LRC) Speed Range 4 LRC Speed (average true airspeed)Range 4 LRC Speed (average true airspeed) SL, ISA 1,219 m, ISA km/h 233 232 226 km 767 757 743 243 241 232 m 1,829 1,036 (5,253 kg @ SL) m 1,143 366 (4,899 kg @ SL) SL, ISA hr 4. 0 3. 9 3. 6 1,219 m, ISA Elevated Helipad Endurance at Loiter Speed 4 km/h ISA + 20  °C Catagory A Takeoff and Landing Ceiling hr 4. 3 4. 2 3. 9 ISA Uninstalled Thermodynamic Power Engine Ratings: (100% RPM) Engine Rated Power Standard: Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3D Twin Pac Takeoff (5 minutes) kW 2 x 708 2 x 671 Max Continuous Power kW 2 x 708 2 x 597 OEI (2-1/2 minutes) kW 1 x 850 1 x 845 OEI (continuous) kW 1 x 723 1 x 764 OEI (30 minutes) kW 1 x 795 1 x 805OEI (continuous) kW 1 x 708 N /A Optional: Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3DF Twin Pac Transmission Ratings (100% RPM, at mast) Takeoff (5-minute) 1,022 kW Max Continuous Power 828 kW Single Engine Limited by Power Available Fuel (usable) Type Aviation Turbine Capacity 1,251 liters Note 3 Increased capability available with optional Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3DF (30 minute OEI Power Kit). Note 4 Standard fuel, no reserve. The data set forth in this document are general in nature and may vary with conditions. For performance data and operating limitations for any specific flight mission, reference must be made to the approved Flight ManualBell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 5 5  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:06 PM BLR Strake and FastFin ® Bell Helicopter has partnered with BLR Aerospace to provide its performance, safety and efficiency-enhancing FastFin ® system as a standard feature on new Bell 412EP aircraft orders. The system incorporates two parallel stall str ips along the tail boom and a reshaped vertical fin. These modifications combine to optimize airflow around the tail boom, improving the handling, stability and lifting capacity of the Bell 412EP in all environments, especially high and hot conditions.The FastFin ® system is a combination of two separate modifications, one to the vertical fin and the other to the tailboom. For clarity, the term FastFin ® refers to the BLR modification that changes the shape and contour of the vertical fin. The term FastFin ® System refers to the combined FastFin ® and Dual Tail Boom Strake installation. The performance benefits of this system include increased tail rotor effectiveness and higher crosswind speed tolerance at hover in certain conditions.In conditions where the aircraft is currently tail rotor limited the FastFin ® System results in increased Weight-Altitude-Temperature (WAT) capability for takeoff, landing and in-ground-effect maneuvers, providing substantial improvement in useful load for hot/high operation (See performance chart below). 14,000 Be ll 41 M 2EP ax G wit Be ro h ss Fa ll 41 W stF 2E ei in gh TM P M tL S ax im ys G it tem ro ss W ei gh tL im it 12,000 Density Altitude (feet) 10000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 8,000 9,000 10,000 Gross Weight (lb) 11,000 12,000 Bell 412EP WAT Improvement with FastFin ® SystemThe data set forth in this document are general in nature and may vary with conditions. For performance data and operating limitations for any specific flight mission, reference must be made to the approved Flight Manual  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 6 6 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 8:37:06 PM Page Intentionally Left Blank Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 7 7  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:06 PM External Dimensions LOW SKID GEAR Bell 412EP Low Skid Gear OPTIONAL HIGH SKID GEAR WITH AAI FLITESTEP ® Bell 412E PHigh Skid Gear Specifications subject to change without notice.  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 8 8 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 8:37:08 PM OPTIONAL EMERGENCY FLOAT GEAR WITH AAI FLOATSTEPâ„ ¢ Bell 412EP Float Kit OPTIONAL BLADE FOLDING KIT DIMENSIONS Minimum Hanger Size* Rotor Not Folded 33. 0 ft x 49. 6 ft (10. 1 m x 15. 2 m) Minimum Hanger Size* Rotor Folded 9. 5 ft x 55. 8 ft (2. 9 m x 17. 1 m) *Allowance should be made for high skid gear, ground wheels, emply fuel condition and door lip when considering hangar door width and height Specifications subject to change without notice.Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 9 9  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:10 PM Bell 412EP Seating and Interior Trim Choices Crew Seats – Two individual energy attenuating seats, fore/aft and up/down adjustable, each equipped with seat belt, double strap shoulder harness and inertia reel. Available with Grey, Blue, Red, or Tan upholstery which will match that selected for the cabin. Passenger Seats – 13 seats offered in three options. (NOTE: Seating option 1 meets the criteria required by FAA regulations for installation in U. S. registered helicopters.Seating Options 2 & 3 require the addition of the STC Alpine 412 Passenger Shoulder Harness Kit for installation in U. S. registered helicopters. ) 1) Standard Seating – Fabric covered high-backed folding seats with individual seat belts and single strap shoulder harness and inertia reel, arranged with one row of four (two 2-place benches) forward facing seats, and one row of five forward facing seats, and two outward facing two place benches (one on either side of the transmission). Available with Grey, Blue, Red, or Tan upholstery with Black seat belts. Seats are are also available in all vinyl at additional cost. (210. lb [95. 7 kg] included in the standard configuration weight. ) STA NDARD SEATING (Shown with standard interior trim and floor covering) SEATING OPTIONS 2 AND 3 NOT ILLUSTRATED 2) Utility Seating – Available for U. S. registered helicopters ONLY with addition of STC Alpine 412 Passenger Shoulder Harness Kit. Nylon covered bench type seating arranged with one row of four rearward facing seats (behind the crew seats), one row of five forward facing seats (in front of the transmission), and two outward facing two place benches (one on either side of the transmission). Each seat has an individual seat belt. Available in Tan or Black.The Utility Seating decreases the standard configuration weight (-93. 3 lb [-42. 3 kg], with Alpine Shoulder Harness -59. 5 lb [-27. 0 kg]). 3) Cushioned Utility Seating – Available for U. S. registered helicopters ONLY with addition of STC Alpine 412 Passenger Shoulder Harness Kit. As in 2) above with the addition of fabric covered cushions, available in the same colors as the Standard Seating. The Cushioned U tility Seating decreases the standard configuration weight (-81. 1 lb [-36. 8 kg], with Alpine Shoulder Harness -47. 3 lb [-21. 5 kg]). Specifications subject to change without notice.  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 12EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 10 10 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 8:37:10 PM INTERIOR TRIM CHOICES 1) Standard Interior Trim – The Standard Interior Trim is provided as a NO COST OPTION, but is not included in the Standard Configuration Empty Weight. Included are: Plastic closeouts on upper sidewalls, window reveals, and cabin headliner; Padded vinyl covering the floor and lower door panels; Lower aft bulkhead covered with padded vinyl blankets. The hard plastic headliner and closeouts are off-white in color, and the padded bulkhead blankets and floor covering are color coordinated to match the seat color selection.The Standard Interior Trim increases the standard configuration empty weight (165. 7 lb [75. 2 kg]). 2) Utility Inter ior Trim – The Utility Interior Trim consists of: Light beige vinyl covered headliner and bulkhead blankets; Doors painted light beige; Floor painted brown. The Utility Interior Trim is included in the standard configuration empty weight (33. 3 lb [15. 1 kg]). CUSTOMIZED SEATING [Example] Customized Seating – Custom designed interiors are available from aircraft completion centers to meet the needs of Corporate or Emergency Medical Service customers. Specifications subject to change without notice.Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 11 11  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:10 PM Standard Configuration (Items Included In List Price) AIRFRAME TRANSMISSION/ DRIVE SYSTEM Aluminum alloy fuselage (over 240 ft3 [6. 8M3]) loading space Glass windshields Main rotor transmission with 4 chip detectors/2 debris collectors Tinted overhead windows Vibration isolation / suspension mounts (4) Dual windshield wipers Main Lift lin k (single point suspension) Fresh air ventilators with adjustable outlets (8 cockpit and 12 aft cabin) 42? gearbox (sight gage and magnetic drain plug/chip detector)Bleed air heater and defroster with air noise suppression 90? gearbox (sight gage and magnetic drain plug/chip detector) Cargo tie-down fittings (51 aft cabin floor) Hydraulic pumps for controls (2 independent systems) Map and data case Transmission oil cooler Cabin fire extinguisher (2) Swingout jettisonable doors (2 for forward cabin) POWER PLANT Sliding doors (2 for aft cabin access with 2 emergency exit panels on each door) Automatic governors (2) Pratt & Whitney of Canada PT6T-3D â€Å"Twin Pac† (1800 SHP) Swingout panels for extended access to aft cabin (2) Magnetic chip detectors Fixed step on skids for entry to forward cabin (2)Torque limiter Fuel System (330. 5 US Gal [1251 liter] usable, rupture resistant cells and breakaway vent fitting) Retractable steps for aft cabin access (2) Baggage compartment in tail boom (over 28 ft [0. 8M ], 400 lb [181kg] capacity). 3 3 Pumps on engines and submerged in fuel tanks Skid-type landing gear with replaceable wear shoes Fuel filter assembly Mooring and jacking fittings (4) Oil coolers (2) External attachment fittings (16) Fire detection system (2) Semi-monocoque tailboom Fire extinguisher system (2) BLR Strake and FastFin RPM warning system  ® Elevator (airspeed / spring-cartridge controlled) Hinged cowling Tail skidStarter-generators (2) Cargo hook provisions Power turbine RPM control actuators AUDIO Combining gearbox with chip detector Two station aft intercom system w/crew interface Separate firewall protection for each engine ROTORS & CONTROLS Overriding clutches (2) Soft-in-plane flex beam hub with four fiberglass blades Extended Engine Exhaust Deflectors Main rotor droop restraint COMMUNICATIONS & NAVIGATION Pendulum vibration absorbers 720 Channel VHF rec/trans transceiver (KTR-908) Semi-rigid, two bladed all-metal tail rotor VHF ante nna All controls hydraulically boosted (dual systems for main rotor) 2 Headsets (pilot & copilot)Force trim system and artificial feel (electrically set) 2 Intercomunication Panels (ICS) (pilot & copilot) Dual controls Emergency Transmit Switch Cyclic stick centering Horizontal Situation Indicator RPM governor selector control Attitude Director Indicator Manual engine torque matching and trim Attitude and Heading Reference Systems (2) Dual Digital Three axis AFCS (2 flight control computers) Cockpit voice recorder provisions Rotor brake Specifications subject to change without notice.  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 12 12 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 8:37:10 PMStandard Configuration (continued) FLIGHT & ENGINE INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT & ENGINE INSTRUMENTS (continued) Flight Director Nav Coupler (3-axis) Master warning lights on the instrument panel draw attention to: Free air temperature indicator RPM Pitot static system wit h electric pitot heat Eng 2 Out Eng 2 Fire Eng 1 Out AL-300 Data Display Eng 1 Fire Baggage Fire Cyclic Radar altimeter #1 Over torque centering Altimeter (barometric) (mast) IFR EQUIPMENT Clock, digital quartz chronometer Co-pilot clock Hourmeter Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) (KDM-706) Magnetic compass, pilot’s standby IFR FAA kit Airspeed indicatorAutomatic Direction Finder (ADF) (XDF-806) Rate of climb indicator Nav receiver #1 VOR/LOC with HB/HSI (KNR-634) Turn and slip indicator Nav receiver #2 VOR/LOC with HSI (KNR-634) Triple tachometer (rotor and engines) VHF-AM Comm #2 radio (KTR-908) Dual hydraulic press/temp indicator (2) Transponder (MST67) Gas producer tach indicator (2) Co-pilot instruments (FAA) Triple torque indicator (Eng 1, Eng 2, mast) Standby attitude indicator Engine oil-temp/press indicator (2) ELECTRICAL Turbine inlet temperature indicator (2) Generator (2) (30 volt, 200 ampere DC startergenerator derated to 150 amperes) Fuel pressure indicatorTran smission oil-temp/press indicator Inverters (2), (450 volt ampere single phase, solid state) Dual DC and AC voltmeters Nickel cadmium battery (40 ampere hours) Dual DC loadmeter Battery over-temp warning Fire detection warning (3) Generator voltage regulators Combining gearbox oil-temp/press indicator Instrument (integral) lights (white) Flight data recorder provisions Navigation lights Caution & Warning System – Master caution light on panel draws attention to the pedestal mounted annunciator panel when worded segments illuminate: Landing light-retractable Anticollision light (2) Engine oil press (2) DC generator (2)Tritium lighted emergency exit signs Trans oil press Gen overheat (2) Cockpit lights (2) Trans oil temp AC inverter (2) Dome lights (3) Comb box oil press External power External power receptacle Comb box oil temp Battery switch Twin ignition and starting systems Chip detectors (5) Battery temp Seat belt sign Fuel boost (2) Hydraulic Passenger step lights Fuel fi lter (2) Door locks Baggage compartment light & fire sensor Fuel valve (2) Heater Utility cabin lights (removable) Fuel low (2) Part sep off (2) Fuel X feed Rotor brake (2) PAINT Emerg gov manual (2) Caution panel Markings for high visibility M/R blades (white & orange)Specifications subject to change without notice. Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 13 13  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:10 PM Standard Configuration (continued) MISCELLANEOUS Covers, tail pipe, turbine air inlet, and pitot tube Flight bag Ground handling wheels, hydraulically activated Manuals: Aircraft log, Engine log, Engine operations, Flight, Maintenance & Overhaul Manual, Illustrated Parts Catalog Tie-down assemblies, main rotor & tail rotor INTERIOR TRIM Choice of Standard or Utility Interior Trim. Standard; Rigid three-piece headliner in cabin, padded iberglass floor covering, bulkheads, trimmed with cream-colored plastic and color-coordinated vinyl coated fiberglass, cabin doors trimmed with plastic, special soundproofing, seat upholstered with foam and fabric. Selection of fabric colors. Not included in Standard Configuration Weight, increases empty weight 165. 6 pounds (75. 1 kilograms) when installed. Utility; Beige soundproofing blankets on bulkheads and overhead; doors painted beige, floor painted brown. Included in Standard Configuration Weight (approximately 32. 6 pounds, 914. 8 kilograms). Specifications subject to change without notice. 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 14 14 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 8:37:10 PM Page Intentionally Left Blank Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 15 15  © 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 8:37:10 PM Optional Accessories [Kits listed below are compatible with the FAA IFR 3-axis / non-EFIS configuration except as individually noted] Additional kits and STC items may be available for factory installation. Please consult sales or contract personnel regarding special needs prior to selection of final configuration.Wt (lb) Wt (kg) Notes 11. 7 5. 3 1, 2 FIXED STEP RIGHT HAND 11. 6 5. 3 1, 2 HEAVY DUTY HIGH SKID GEAR w/o STEPS 18. 5 8. 4 1, 3 HEAVY DUTY HIGH CROSS TUBES FOR EMER. FLOATS 3. 8 1. 7 EMERGENCY FLOATS (provisions) 51. 0 23. 2 EMERGENCY FLOATS /RESERVOIR & NOSE 97. 5 44. 2 4 EMERGENCY FLOATS (L. G. w/ FLOATS & PWR STEPS) 168. 8 76. 6 1, 4 HEATED WINDSHIELD 9. 8 4. 4 1 EXPANDABLE BOLTS – MAIN ROTOR 3. 0 1. 4 FUEL KIT – MANIFOLD DRAIN 0. 3 0. 1 Kit Description AIRFRAME FIXED STEP LEFT HAND 9 CELL FUEL SYS 4 -16. 1 -7. 3 SEAT BELT SIGN – STD INTR 0. 3 0. 1 SEAT BELT SIGN – DLX INTR 0. 3 0. 1 AUX FUEL PROVS 5. 4 . 5 5 AUX FUEL, 16. 3 GAL LH 20. 2 9. 1 5 AUX FUEL, 16. 3 GAL RH 20. 2 9. 1 5 AUX FUEL, 81. 7 GAL LH (REQUIRES REMOVAL OF 2 OUTBOARD-FACING PAX SEATS) 50. 3 22. 8 5 AUX FUEL, 81. 7 GAL RH (REQUIRES REMOVAL OF 2 OUTBOARD- FACING PAX SEATS) 50. 3 22. 8 5 5 INDICATOR, FUEL QTY, AUX FUEL -0. 1 0. 0 TOLERANT FUEL 98. 5 44. 7 EFIS (ELECTRONIC FLIGHT INSTRUMENT SYSTEM) 113. 4 51. 4 1, 6 4-AXIS DDAFCS W/ DUAL FLIGHT DIRECTOR 26. 4 12. 0 7 PRIMUS 700 WEATHER RADAR 49. 1 22. 3 7 PRIMUS 700 WEATHER RADAR W/ EFIS 54. 6 24. 8 7 ENCODING ALTIMETER 0. 1 0. 0 1, 7 RADAR ALTIMETER #2 12. 2 5. 6 7 CABIN PA SYSTEM (NON-EFIS)

Sandra Cisneros’ Eleven

Eleven or One hundred and Two? Sandra Cisneros’ short story â€Å"Eleven† describes a young girl that is at a loss for words when her teacher embarrasses her in front of the class. How does Rachel convey her feelings on Mrs. Price’s authority? Rachel says in the third paragraph that she wishes she was one hundred and two instead of eleven and in saying so she thinks that if she was that age she would have known the words to answer Mrs. Price when she made her put on the ugly sweater that was not hers at all. She adds the two to the hundred as it makes the impression that one hundred is normal old but by adding the two she would be really old and know what to say. We move on and find that Rachel has a very difficult time dealing with the embarrassing fact that Mrs. Price is forcing her to put on the red â€Å"cottage cheese† smelling sweater and instead of standing up for herself she puts her head down and starts to cry, she thinks about her school friends like Sylvia Saldivar who she says is stupid but will probably tease her in the playground about the sweater. Rachel calms herself down with the thought of her parents waiting for her at home with her birthday cake and candles and her papa coming home to sing happy birthday, To summarize we find that on one hand Rachel is a very mature girl that talks about age in a very distinct manner and on the other hand she has a very passionate way of describing her feelings and the situation that she is in.

Island of the Sequined Love Nun Chapter 29~31

29 Safe in the Hands of Medicine â€Å"How are you feeling today?† Sebastian Curtis pulled the sheet down to Tuck's knees and lifted the pilot's hospital gown. Tucker flinched when the doctor touched the catheter. â€Å"Better,† Tuck said. â€Å"That thing is itching, though.† â€Å"It's healing.† The doctor palpated the lymph nodes in Tucker's crotch. His hands were cold and Tuck shivered at the touch. â€Å"The infection is subsiding. This happened to you in the plane crash?† â€Å"I fell back on some levers while I was trying to get a passenger out of the plane.† â€Å"The hooker?† The doctor didn't look up from his work. Tuck wanted to throw the sheets over his head and hide. Instead, he said, â€Å"I don't suppose it would make a difference if I said I didn't know she was a hooker.† Sebastian Curtis looked up and smiled; his eyes were light gray flecked with orange. With his gray hair and tropical tan, he could have been a re-tired general, Rommel maybe. â€Å"I'm not really concerned with what the woman was doing there. What does concern me is that you had been drinking. We can't have that here, Mr. Case. You may have to fly on a moment's notice, so you won't be able to drink or indulge in any other chemical diversions. I assume that won't pose a problem.† â€Å"No. None,† Tuck said, but he felt like he'd been hit with a bag of sand. He'd been craving a drink since he'd regained consciousness. â€Å"By the way, Doc, since we're going to be doing business together, maybe you should call me Tucker.† â€Å"Tucker it is,† Curtis said. â€Å"And you can call me Dr. Curtis.† He smiled again. â€Å"Swell. And your wife's name is?† â€Å"Mrs. Curtis.† â€Å"Of course.† The doctor finished his examination and pulled the sheet back up to Tuck's waist. â€Å"You should be on your feet in a few days. We'll move you to your bungalow this afternoon. I think you'll find everything you need there, but if you do need anything, please let us know.† A gin and tonic, Tuck thought. â€Å"I'd like to find out what happened to the guy who was piloting my boat.† â€Å"As I told you, the islanders found you and a few pieces of your boat.† There was a finality in his voice that made it clear that he didn't want to talk about Kimi or the boat. Tuck pressed on. Respect for authority had never been his long suit. â€Å"I guess I'll ask around when I get out of here. Maybe he washed up on a different part of the island. I remember being hung in a tree with him by an old cannibal.† Tuck saw a frown cross the doctor's face like a fleeting shadow, then the professional smile was back. â€Å"Mr. Case, there haven't been any cannibals in these islands for a hundred years. Besides, I will have to ask you to stay inside the compound while you are here. You'll have access to beaches and there's plenty of room to roam, but you won't be having any contact with the islanders.† â€Å"Why, I mean if they saved me?† â€Å"The Shark People have a very closed society. We try not to intrude on that any more than is necessary for us to do our work.† â€Å"The Shark People? Why the Shark People?† â€Å"I'll explain it all to you when you are feeling better. Right now you need to rest.† The doctor took a syringe from a metal drawer by the wall and filled it from a vial of clear fluid, then injected it into Tuck's IV. â€Å"When do you think you'll be ready to fly?† Tuck felt as if a veil of gauze had been thrown over his mind. Everything in the room went soft and fuzzy. â€Å"Not real soon if you keep giving me that stuff. Wow, what was that? Hey, you're a doctor. Do you think we taste like Spam?† He was going to ask another question, but somehow it didn't seem to matter anymore. The Sorcerer stormed into the Sky Priestess's bungalow, stripped off his lab coat, and threw it into the corner. He went to the open kitchen, ripped open the freezer, pulled out a frosty fifth of Absolut, and poured a triple shot into a water glass that froze and steamed like dry ice in the humidity. â€Å"Malink lied,† he said. Then he tossed back half the glass and grabbed his temples when the cold hit his brain. The Sky Priestess looked up from her magazine. â€Å"A little stressed, darling?† She was lying out on the lanai, naked except for a wide-brimmed straw hat, her white skin shining in the sun like pearl. The Sorcerer joined her and fell onto a chaise lounge, a hand still clamped on his temples. â€Å"Case says there was another man with him on the island. He said an old cannibal hung them in a tree.† â€Å"I heard him,† the Sky Priestess said. â€Å"He's delirious?† â€Å"I don't think so. I think Malink lied. That they found the boat pilot and didn't tell us.† She moved next to him on the chaise lounge and pried the glass of vodka out of his hand. â€Å"So send the ninjas on a search mission. You're paying them. They might as well do something.† â€Å"That's not an option and you know it.† â€Å"Well, then go yourself. Or call Malink on it. Tell him that you know there was another man and you want him brought here chop-chop.† â€Å"I think we're losing them, Beth. Malink wouldn't have dared lie to me a month ago. It's that dream. He dreams that Vincent is sending them a pilot, then you tell him it's not true, then a pilot washes up on the reef.† The Sky Priestess drained the glass of vodka and handed it back to him empty. â€Å"Yeah, nothing fucks up a good religion like the intervention of a real god.† â€Å"I wish you wouldn't talk that way.† â€Å"So what are you going to do, after you get a refill, I mean?† The Sorcerer looked up at her as if noticing her for the first time. â€Å"Beth, what are you doing out here? The Priestess of the Sky does not have a tan.† She reached under the chaise lounge and came up with a plastic bottle of lotion. â€Å"SPF 90. Relax, ‘Bastian, this stuff would keep me creamy white in a nuclear flare. You want to rub some on me?† She pushed her hat back on her head so he could see the predator seriousness in her eyes. â€Å"Beth, please. I'm on the cusp of a crisis here.† â€Å"It's not a crisis. It's obvious why the Shark People are getting restless.† â€Å"It is?† â€Å"No one has been chosen in over two months, ‘Bastian.† He shook his head. â€Å"Case isn't ready to fly.† â€Å"Well, get him ready.† 30 Fashion Statements Kimi sat under a coconut palm outside of the bachelors' house sulking. His flowered dress was gone and he wore a blue thu, the long saronglike loin-cloth worn by the Shark men. Gone too was his blond wig, his high heels, and his best friend, Roberto, who he had not seen since the cannibal tree. Now it looked as if he had no place to sleep. Sepie had thrown him out. Sepie came out of the bachelors' house wearing Kimi's floral dress and glared at him. She paused on the coral pathway. â€Å"I am not a monkey,† she said. Then she picked up a stone from the path and hurled it at him, barely missing his head. Kimi scuffled to the leeward side of the tree and peeked around. â€Å"I didn't say you were a monkey. I said that if you didn't shave your legs, you would soon look like a monkey.† A rock whizzed by his face so close he could feel the wind of it. She was getting more accurate with each throw. â€Å"You know nothing,† she said. â€Å"You are just a girl-man.† Kimi dug a stone from the sand at his feet and hurled it at her, but his heart wasn't in it and it missed her by five feet. In English he said, â€Å"You just a poxy oar with a big mouth.† He hoped this verbal missile hit closer to home. They were the last words of Malcolme, Kimi's pimp back in Ma-nila. In retrospect, Malcolme's mistake had been one of memory. He had forgotten that the overly made-up little girl standing in front of him with a machete was, in fact, a wiry young man with the anger of hundreds of beatings burning in his memory. â€Å"I no have the pox,† Kimi said to Malcolme, whose look of surprise remained fixed even as his head rolled into the corner of the hotel room, where a rat darted out and gently licked his shortened neck. â€Å"I no have the pox,† Sepie said in English, punctuating her statement with a thrown lump of coral. â€Å"I know,† Kimi said. â€Å"I'm sorry I say that.† He skulked off down the beach. Sepie stood outside the bachelors' house watching him, totally disarmed. No man had ever apologized to her before. Kimi hadn't meant to hurt her feelings. Sometimes it takes a thick skin to trade beauty tips with a girlfriend. Sepie was naturally pretty, but she didn't understand fashion. Why bother to put on a pretty dress if you're going to have monkey legs and tufts of hair hanging out from under your arms making it look like bats hanging there? Bats. Kimi missed Roberto. The Shark men wouldn't talk to him, the women ignored him, except for Sepie, who was angry at him now, and even Tucker had been taken away to the other side of the island. Kimi was lonely. And as he walked down the beach, past the children playing with a trained frigate bird, past the men lounging in the shade of an empty boathouse, his loneliness turned to anger. He turned up the beach and took a path into the village to look for a weapon. It was time to go see the old cannibal. Outside each of the houses, near the cook sheds, stood an iron spike – a pick head that was driven into the ground and used to husk coconuts. Kimi stopped at one house and yanked on the spike, but it wouldn't budge. He moved between the houses, vacant now in the early morning, the women working in the taro field, the men lounging in various patches of shade. He peeked into a cook shed, and there, by the pot that held the crust of this morning's rice, he found a long chef's knife. He looked around to make sure that no one was watching, then bolted into the shed and snatched the knife, fitting it into his thu so that only the handle protruded at the small of his back. Ten minutes later he was hiding in a patch of giant ferns, watching the old cannibal roll coconut husk fibers into rope on his leathery old thighs. He sat with his back against a palm tree, his legs straight out in front of him, pulling the fibers that had been soaked and separated out of a basket and measuring by feel the right amount to add to the coil of cord that was building on the ground beside him. From time to time he stopped and took a drink from a jar of milky liquid that Kimi was sure was alcoholic tuba. Good, he was drunk. Kimi moved slowly around the house, staying in the undergrowth of ferns and elephant ears, careful not to kick up any of the coral gravel that rang like broken glass if you didn't place your feet carefully. Once he was behind the old man, he drew the knife from the small of his back and moved forward to kill that man who had eaten his friend. From the window of his new quarters Tucker Case watched the Japanese guards move through the compound carrying palm fronds and broken branches, detritus of the typhoon, which they piled in an open space at the side of the hangar to dry in the sun. They were dressed like a police SWAT team, in black coveralls with baseball caps and paratrooper boots, and if he squinted, they looked like giant worker ants cleaning out the nest. From time to time one of the guards would look toward his bungalow, then quickly turn away when he saw Tucker standing in the window in his pajamas. He had given up waving to them after the first hour of being ignored. He'd been in the one-room bungalow for four days now, but this was the first time he'd felt well enough to get up and move around, other than to use the bathroom, which to his surprise, had hot and cold running water, a flush toilet, and a shower stall made of galvanized metal. The walls were tightly woven grass between a sturdy frame of teak and mahogany logs; the floor was unfinished teak, sanded smooth and pink; and the furniture was wicker with brightly colored cushions. A ceiling fan spun languidly above a double bed that was draped with a canopy of mosquito netting. The windows looked out on the compound and hangar on one side and through a grove of palm trees to the ocean on the other. He could see sev-eral bungalows perched near the beach, a small dock, and the cinderblock hospital building, its tin roof arrayed with antennae, solar electric panels, and a massive satellite dish. Tuck backed away from the window and sat down on the wicker couch. A few minutes on his feet and he felt exhausted. He was twenty pounds lighter than when he had left Houston and there wasn't a six-inch patch of skin on his body that didn't have some kind of bandage on it. The doc had said that between the cuts on his arms, knees, and scalp, he had taken a hundred sutures. The first time he looked in the little mirror in his bathroom, he thought he was looking at a human version of the mangy feral dog he'd seen on Truk. His blue eyes lay like dull ice in sunken brown craters and his cheeks were drawn into his face like a mummified bog man's. His hair had been bleached white by the sun and stuck out in straw-dry tufts between pink patches where the doctor had shaved his scalp to stitch him up. He took small comfort in the fact that there were no women around to see him. No real women, anyway. The doctor's wife, who came several times a day to bring him food or to change his bandages, seemed robotic, like some Stepford/Barbie hybrid with the smooth sexless carriage of a mannequin and a personality pulled out of an Eisenhower-era soap commercial. She made the straight-laced cosmetic reps from his past seem like a tribe of pillbox ny mpho hose hunters. There was a tap on the door and Beth Curtis breezed in carrying a wooden serving tray with plates of pancakes and fresh fruit. â€Å"Mr. Case, you're up. Feeling better today?† She set the tray down on the coffee table in front of him and stepped back. Today she was in pleated khaki pants and a white blouse with puffed shoulders. Her hair was tied back with a big white bow at the back of her neck. She might have just walked out of a Stewart Granger safari movie. â€Å"Yes, better,† Tuck said, â€Å"But I wore myself out just walking to the window.† â€Å"Your body is still fighting off the infection. The doctor will be by soon to give you some antibiotics. For now you need to eat.† She sat on the chair across from him. Tuck cut a divot out of the stack of pancakes with a fork and speared it through a piece of papaya. After the first bite, he realized how hungry he really was and began wolfing down the pancakes. Beth Curtis smiled. â€Å"Have you had a chance to look over the manuals for the airplane?† Tuck nodded, his mouth still full. She'd left the operations manuals on his bed two days ago. He'd leafed through them enough to know that he could fly the thing. He swallowed and said, â€Å"I used to fly a Lear 25 for Mary Jean. This one is a little faster and has longer range, but basically it's the same. Shouldn't be a problem.† â€Å"Oh, good,† she said, sporting one of her plastic smiles. â€Å"When will you be able to fly?† Tucker put down his fork. â€Å"Mrs. Curtis, I don't mean to be rude, but what in the hell is going on around here?† â€Å"Regarding what, Mr. Case?† â€Å"Well, first, regarding the man I came to this island with. I was sick, but I wasn't hallucinating. We were strung up in a tree by an old native guy and cut down by a bunch of others. What happened to my friend?† She shifted in her chair, and the wicker crackled like snapping rat bones. â€Å"My husband told you what the islanders told us, Mr. Case. The natives live on the other side of the island. They have their own society, their own chief, their own laws. We try to take care of their medical needs and bring a few souls into the fold, but they are a private people. I'll ask them about your friend. If I find out anything, I'll let you know.† She stood and straightened the front of her slacks. â€Å"I'd appreciate that,† Tuck said. â€Å"I promised him I'd get him back to Yap and I owe him some money. The natives didn't find my backpack, did they? My money was in it.† She shook her head. â€Å"Just the clothes you had on. We burned them. Fortunately, you and Sebastian are about the same size. Now, if you'll ex-cuse me, Mr. Case, I have some work to do. Sebastian will be along in a bit with your medicine. I'm glad you're feeling better.† She turned and walked out the door into the blinding sunlight. Tucker stood and watched her walk across the compound. The Japanese guards stopped their work and leered at her. She spun on them and waited, her hands on her hips, until one by one they lost their courage and returned to their work, not embarrassed but afraid, as if meeting her direct gaze might turn them to frost. Tuck sat down to his half-eaten pancakes and shivered, thinking it must be the fever. A half hour later the doctor entered the bungalow. Tucker was spread out on the couch descending into a nap. They'd been doing this since they'd moved him to the bungalow, tag-teaming him, one showing up at least every hour to check on him, bring him food or medicine, change the sheets, take his temperature, help him to the bathroom, wipe his forehead. It looked like concerned care, but it felt like surveillance. Sebastian Curtis took a capped syringe from his coat pocket as he crossed the room. Tuck sighed. â€Å"Another one?† â€Å"You must be feeling like a pin cushion by now, Mr. Case. I need you to roll over.† Tuck rolled over and the doctor gave him the injection. â€Å"It's either this or the IV. We've got this infection on the run, but we don't want it to get a foothold again.† Tuck rubbed his bottom and sat up. Before he could say anything, the doctor stuck a digital thermometer in his mouth. â€Å"Beth tells me that you're worried about your friend, the one you say came to the island with you?† Tuck nodded. â€Å"I'll check into it, I promise you. In the meantime, if you're feeling up to it, Beth and I would like you to join us for dinner. Get to know each other a little. Let you know what's expected of you.† He pulled the thermometer out of Tuck's mouth and checked it but made no comment. â€Å"You up for dinner tonight?† â€Å"Sure,† Tuck said. â€Å"But†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Good. We'll eat at seven. I'll have Beth bring you down some clothes. I'm sorry about the hand-me-downs, but it's the best we can do for now.† He started to leave. â€Å"Doc?† Sebastian turned. â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"You've been out here, what, thirty years?† The doctor stiffened. â€Å"Twenty-eight. Why?† â€Å"Well, Mrs. Curtis doesn't look†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Yes, Beth is quite a bit younger than I am. But we can talk about all that at dinner. You should probably rest now and let those antibiotics do their work. I need you healthy, Mr. Case. We have a round of golf to play.† â€Å"Golf?† â€Å"You do play, don't you?† Tuck took a second to catch up with the abrupt change of subject, then said, â€Å"You play golf here?† â€Å"I am a physician, Mr. Case. Even in the Pacific we have Wednesdays.† Then he smiled and left the bungalow. 31 Revenge: Sweet and Low in Calories Sarapul twisted the last of the fibers into his rope and drew his knife to trim the ragged end. It was a good knife, made in Germany, with a thin flexible blade that was perfect for filleting fish or cutting microthin slices from coconut stems to keep the tuba running. He'd had the knife for ten years and he kept it honed and polished on a piece of tanned pig hide. The blade flashed blue as he picked it up and he saw the face of vengeance re-flected in the metal. Without turning, he said, â€Å"The young ones are going to kill you.† Kimi stopped, his knife held ready to strike the old man in the neck. â€Å"You ate my friend.† Sarapul gripped his knife blade down so he might turn and slash at the same time. There was no quickness in his bones, though. The Filipino would kill him before he got halfway around. â€Å"Your friend is with the white Sorcerer and Vincent's bitch. Malink took him away.† â€Å"Not that one. Roberto. The bat.† â€Å"Bats are taboo. We don't eat bats on Alualu.† Kimi lowered his knife an inch. â€Å"You are not supposed to eat people either, but you do.† â€Å"Not people I know. Come over here where I can see you. I am old and my neck won't turn that far around.† Kimi walked a crescent around the tree and crouched at ready in front of the old man. Sarapul said, â€Å"You were going to kill me.† â€Å"If you ate Roberto.† â€Å"I like that. Nobody kills anybody anymore. Oh, the young ones are talking about killing you, but I think Malink will talk them out of it.† Kimi cleared his throat. â€Å"Were you going to eat me when they killed me?† â€Å"Someone brought that up at the drinking circle. I don't remember who.† â€Å"Then how do I know you did not eat Roberto?† â€Å"Look at me, little one. I am a hundred years old maybe. Sometimes I go to the beach to pee and the tides change before my water comes. How would I catch a bat?† Kimi sat down on the ground across from the old man and dropped his knife in the gravel. â€Å"Something happened to Roberto. He flew off.† â€Å"Maybe he found a girl bat,† Sarapul said. â€Å"Maybe he will come back. You want a drink?† The old cannibal offered his jar of tuba to Kimi, who leaned forward and snatched it before retreating out of knife range. Kimi took a sip and grimaced. â€Å"Why are they going to kill me?† â€Å"They say you are a girl-man and that you make Sepie forget her duties as mispel. And they don't like you. Don't worry, no one kills anyone anymore. It is just drunk talk.† Kimi hung his head. â€Å"Sepie sent me away from the bachelors' house. She is mad at me. I have nowhere to go.† Sarapul nodded in sympathy, but said nothing. He'd been exiled for so long that he'd gotten used to the alienation, but he remembered how he had felt when Malink had first banished him. â€Å"You speak our language pretty good,† Sarapul said. â€Å"My father was from Satawan. He was a great navigator. He taught me.† â€Å"You're a navigator?† In the old days the navigators stood above even the chiefs – and just below the gods. As a boy, Sarapul idolized the two navigators of Alualu. The long-dead dream of his boyhood surfaced and he remembered learning from them, watching them draw star charts in the sand and stand at the beach lecturing on tides and currents and winds. He had wanted to be a navigator, had begun the training, for in the rigid caste system of the Yapese islands it was the one way for a man to distin-guish himself. But one of the navigators had died of a fever and the other was killed in a fight before he could pass on his knowledge. The navigators and warriors were ghosts of the past. If this girl-man was a navigator, then the bachelors were piss ants to talk of killing him. Sarpul felt infused with an energy he hadn't felt in years. â€Å"I can show you something,† Sarapul said. He tried to climb to his feet and fell back into a crouch. Kimi took him by a bony arm and helped him up. â€Å"Come,† Sarapul said. The old man led Kimi down the path to the beach and stopped at the water's edge. He began to sing, his voice like dried palm leaves rattling in the wind. He waved his arms in arcs, then threw them wide to the sky so that his chest looked as if it might crack open like a rotten breadfruit. And the wind came up. He took handfuls of sand and cast them into the wind, then clapped his hands and resumed singing until the palms above them were waving in the wind. Then he stopped. â€Å"Now we wait,† he said. He pointed out to sea. â€Å"Watch there.† A column of fog rose off the ocean at the horizon and boiled black and silver into a huge thunderhead. Sarapul clapped his hands again and a lightning bolt ripped out of the cloud and across the sky like a jagged white fissure in blue glass. The thunderclap was instant, deafening, and crackled for a full ten seconds. Sarapul turned to Kimi, who was staring at the thunderhead with his mouth open. â€Å"Can you do that?† Kimi shook off his astonishment with a shiver. â€Å"No, I never learned that. My father said he could send the thunder, but I didn't see him do it.† Sarapul grinned. â€Å"Ever eat a guy?† Kimi shook his head. â€Å"No.† â€Å"Tastes like Spam,† Sarapul said. â€Å"I heard that.† â€Å"I can teach you to send the thunder. I don't know the stars, though.† â€Å"I know the stars,† Kimi said. â€Å"Go get your things,† Sarapul said.