Strategic Fit between HR Strategy and Business Essay

Strategic Fit between HR Strategy and Business - Essay Example Strategic fit is basically related to a review of organizational resources in consideration of the fact that the important aspect to profitability is not only achieved by industry selection and positioning, but also through a strategy that seeks to utilize resources and capabilities. Capabilities and resources, which have unique characteristics, are matched to develop a competitive advantage in the long run. Fit as Strategy Integration Fit as strategy integration provides organizations with assess criteria with which integrations transactions may be optimized for achieving production frontier before, during, and after integration. The strategy elaborates how well an organization can meet the merger criteria without compromising on performance success. Organizations under mergers process and plans need to put into consideration smooth operations in merging deals, alongside maintaining successful asset combination production through strategy. Strategy integration comes in handy to enab le organizations to effectively manage added asset combination value and leverage positioning. Strategy integration, alongside due diligence, goes a long way in maintaining an organization’s profitability during mergers (Gleich, Kierans & Hasselbach, 2010, p.5). Strategy integration allows an organization to exercise more control performance measures and value added integration, rather than mere integration that may compromise on performance. Backward strategy integration may be undertaken to enable organizations access needed raw materials from a more dependable source. On the other hand, forward integration strategy enables a manufacturing company to build a more reliable market to its products. The integration strategy also allows an organization to gather more control on how it sells products and services and pursue product differentiation to build competitive advantage. The strategy generally outlines a clear perspective on what particular activities organizations should engage in with relation to its situations and visions to achieve increased profitability and success (Tan, 2002, p.48). The processes enable an organization to evaluate viability of mergers prior to proceeding with the transactions. More so, the process seeks to establish best practices that would enable growth, improvement, and attainment of better profitability prospects, alongside possible performance success obstacle identification and elimination. Strategic fit basically enables organizations to successfully launch merger integration amidst continued present successes, value added asset combination, and long-term performance success. Through strategic fit, organizations are able to optimize available technologies, human resources, and operation systems. Fit as an Ideal Practice Strategic fit is the best practice between human resource and business, although a number of practices may still be wanting for an organization. The human resource is widely actualized for its commitmen t and competencies that need to be governed by strategic focus that forms the best practice available. Through strategy, the organization is able to actualize its potentials with regards to complexities and multiple dimensions involvement of organizational human resource capabilities matched with available resources. Considering

Factors That Affecting Elasticity Of Supply Economics Essay

Factors That Affecting Elasticity Of Supply Economics Essay According to (HASHIM ALI,1999, page 40),price elasticity of supply is basically means the responsiveness of the quantity supplied due to a change in price. The factors that affecting elasticity of supply are whether the product is perishable or not. In other words, if the product is perishable, therefore when there is change in price, it wont affect the quantity supplied. Hence, the supply is inelastic For example: fruits, it is because fruits are perishable. The second determinant is the time. There are two time of time which are the short run and the long run. In the short run, the supply will be inelastic. Its because, the supplier cant increase the supply of a product immediately due to a change in price. Where by in the long run, suppliers are able to increase their product, because they have more time to produce more. And therefore the supply is elastic. For example: in the short run, the price of the laptop increase in the market price. However, the supplier of laptop cant increase their supply immediately due to a short run. In the long run, the supplier have more time to produce more laptop due to more time to produce laptop. PART B Businesses can use price elasticity to decide on their pricing strategy. By using the price elasticity, they can know whether the goods that they are selling is elastic or inelastic. If the good that they are selling is inelastic, for example: necessities, therefore they can set a higher price. It is because if the good is inelastic, the change in price wont effect the change in demand. In other words, consumers are not that responsive due to a change in price. And if the good is elastic, such as luxuries goods or goods that have several substitutes, therefore the supplier cant set a high price. It is because the price is elastic, in other words the consumers are responsive due to a change in price of the good. Thats how the business use the elasticity concept to decide the pricing strategy. Question 3 PART A Supply of a product will increases caused by the technology are getting more advance. As technology has increases, therefore to produce a good will be easier and faster, hence to higher supply of that particular product. For example: a textile company used to produce their goods by manually (by human or workers) and they manage to produce 100pcs of the good per month. In the future, as the technology increases, the quantity of the good produced increases to 300pcs each month.. hence the supply of the good increases. Second reason that might affect the supply of a good will increase is the intervention from the government by giving subsidies to the suppliers. By giving subsidies to the suppliers, it tends to reduce their cost of production. Therefore, higher profit will earned and motivate the suppliers to supply more of the good. For example: a cost of production to produce a good is RM500, the company manage to sell at RM550 each good and earned RM50 for profit this is before any subsidies from government. After a while, the government decided to give subsidies to the business. Hence, the cost of production of the good decreases to RM450. the business still sell the product for RM550 but now, RM100 is earned for the profit. Therefore, the higher the profit, will motivate the supplier to supply more. Third reason that will increase a supply of a product is the price of the good it self. When the price of the good increases in the market, therefore the supplier motivated because no they can earn more revenues and get higher profit compared to before the price increased. For example: the price of a chair was RM100 in 2009 and the supplier of the chair supply at 100 quantities and earn RM10,000 revenues. In 2010, the price if the chair has increases to RM120. now while the price increased, the supplier will definitely increase their quantity supplied of chair maybe to 130(or more) and they can get RM15,600 revenues which is much more compared to the previous quantity.(HASHIM ALI,1999,PAGE 37) PART B Price floor is a price that set by the government above the equilibrium price and the price set b the suppliers are not legal if they set lower than the price the set by the government.. its actually to help those suppliers to get higher income. Because of the price of the good is higher now, and therefore the supplier will produce more. However, at the end, the demand for the good will decrease and therefore, surplus occur. This is how its effect the rationing function of prices and distort resource allocation. The graph below will shows the surplus caused by the price floor. Quantity Price D S Equilibrium price P0 Q0 Qd Pf surplus Qs 0 The graph above shows that when there is price floor set by the government, the demand will stop until Qd and there fore surplus occur. Hence this occur, supplier cant manage to sell all their product, and therefore, black market will occur(sell lower price illegally). Whereby price ceilings is also price that set by the government. Its the maximum price that seller can charge to consumers. Lower than the price ceiling is legal and otherwise is not. The objectives of government by doing this is to help those consumers that cant afford to buy their essential good. The graph below will shows the price ceiling. S D Equilibrium price Q0 P0 Quantity Price Qs Qd Pc shortage 0 The graph above shows that when there is a price ceiling(Pc) set by the government, the price is under the equilibrium price. in other words, the price is cheap at the moment. however, because of the price has reduced, the suppliers will feel that its not profitable and therefore they are not motivated to produce more. Therefore the quantity supply stops at Qs. Hence, lack of supply and high demand due to a shortage.(McConnell,2009,page 59-62) Question 6 PART A Consumer surplus is basically means its benefit for the consumers, as they are able to pay higher price for a particular good, but in fact the actual price is lower than what they willing to pay. In other words, the consumers are able to pay above the equilibrium price. For example: john willing to buy a sport shoes at RM200, whereby the actual price of the sport shoes is RM150, and there fore RM200-RM150= RM50 is johns surplus as consumer. The graph below will show where is the consumer surplus: D Equilibrium point Q0 P0 Consumers surplus Quantity demanded For good Z Price for good Z The graph above shows the consumer surplus at the triangle shape where The actual price is at P0, and even though the price is suppose to be at P0,the consumers are willing to pay above the P0 which is higher and therefore, consumers surplus occur. Producer surplus is actually a benefit to the producer of a particular good to earn more than what they plan to earn. For example: suppose to be good A is at RM5 in market price, but john only plan to sell good A for only RM3(has cover the cost of production). therefore RM5-RM3=RM2 is johns producer surplus as an producer. S Price for good Z Quantity supply for good Z Producer surplus Equilibrium price = P0 Q0 P0 The graph above shows that the producer surplus is actually under the equilibrium price which means the producers are willing to sell at lower price but in fact, the equilibrium price for good Z is at P0, and therefore, the producers surplus occur.(McConnell,2009,page 126-127). PART B According to(HASHIM ALI,1999, page 2-3) basically there are three economic concepts. Which are scarcity, choice and opportunity cost. Where as the PPF or production possibilities frontier is to shows a possible combination with in two goods. The PPF graph below will explain the 3 economic concepts. Laptop Sugar 0 10 7 5 3 2 1 1 2 3 5 6 7 A B C D E FBasically, scarcity means there are unlimited wants and limited resources. And to explain this concept by using this Production Possibilities Frontier(PPF), the graph shows that it is impossible to actually produce 7 sugar and 10 laptop. because when 7 sugar is produced there is only 1 laptop can be produced and its caused by the limited resources. Which at the end will bring to a choice. Choice means, the consumer will to chose to have more on sugar or laptop. if they want more sugar, lesser laptop they will get and otherwise. Due to this the third concept will occur where by opportunity cost means something has to be forgone in order to get the best alternative. For example, in this graph, if the consumers want to get 6 of sugar not 5, there fore he/she has to forgone 1 laptop in order to get 6 sugar. The forgone 1 laptop is the opportunity cost. Question 5 PART A A decrease in demand will SHIFT the demand curve to the left, there are several factors that will decrease the demand. Taste and fashion, a change in income, changes in population, changes in price of related goods(either complementary goods or substitutes goods), increase of advertisements, introduction of new product, social and economic conditions, festive seasons, speculation. Price of good A D0 D1Quantity demanded for good A The graph above shows the decrease in demand. The demand curve SHIFTED to the left from D0 to D1 and it is caused by the factors that mentioned earlier. Where as the decrease in quantity demanded will caused the MOVEMENT along the demand curve to move upward which means not a shift. The ONLY factor that will move the demand curve upward is the price of the good it self. Quantity demanded for good A Price for good A D0 B A Q0 Q1 0 P0 P1 The graph above shows that when there is a decrease in quantity demanded, this is ONLY caused by the PRICE of good A has increased from P0 to P1 therefore caused the quantity demanded to decreased from Q0 to Q1 as well as the movement upward from point A to point B. The ONLY factor that due to this movement along the demand curve is the PRICE of the good it self. (HASHIM ALI,1999, page 22-25) PART B According to (HASLIM ALI, 1999, page 32) Income elasticity of demand basically means the measure of the responsiveness of demand in a particular good due to a change in income of the consumers. the income elasticity of demand is measured by percentage. Here is the formula to calculate income elasticity of demand: income elasticity of demand: the change in quantity demanded over the change in income of the consumers. = Q1-Q0 x 100( change in quantity demanded) Q0 ______(over) Y1-Y0 - x 100(change in income of the consumers) Y0 Keys: Q1( new quantity demanded) Q2(original quantity demanded) Y1(new income of consumers) Y0(original income of consumers) There are 3 degrees or responses of income elasticity: 1.positive 2.negative 3.zero The positive degree of income elasticity of demand can be describe more or classified into 3 more parts: elastic (YED or income elastic of demand is > 1), unit(YED=1), and inelastic(YED

Depletion of the Ozone Layer :: essays research papers

Depletion of the Ozone Layer The issue of whether the people of the world have exaggerated the threat of the ozone depletion has been widely debated. It is an important issue because it concerns health and well being now and tomorrow. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about this issue. Because air pollution is greatly affecting the ozone, America needs to take immediate steps to stop ozone depletion. This essay will examine different arguments concerning the ozone layer. Ozone is a highly irritant gas, which is formed in our atmosphere in the presence of sunlight from other air pollutants, including nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. These "precusor" pollutants, which cause the formation of ozone, are emitted by pollution sources. The adverse health consequences of breathing ozone at levels below the current U.S. National ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of 120 parts per billion are serious and well documented. Observational epidemiology studies have shown compelling and consistent evidence of adverse effects by ozone below the current standards. Considering the published results from various cities, the EPA analysis under predicts the respiratory hospital admission benefits of their proposed regulations. Airway inflammation in the lung is among the serious effects that have been demonstrated by controlled human studies of the ozone at levels typically experienced by most Americans. Exposures to ozone and particulate matter air pollution have been linked to medically significant adverse health effects. The current NAAQS for these pollutants are not sufficiently protective of public health. Both the ozone and particulate matter standards have vast implications for the equality of life and the economy of the United States. The vast majority of Americans support improving and enhancing the quality of their life by eliminating or decreasing air pollution. Americans are quite willing to shoulder the burden of clean air. The Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S public and Depletion of the Ozone Layer :: essays research papers Depletion of the Ozone Layer The issue of whether the people of the world have exaggerated the threat of the ozone depletion has been widely debated. It is an important issue because it concerns health and well being now and tomorrow. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about this issue. Because air pollution is greatly affecting the ozone, America needs to take immediate steps to stop ozone depletion. This essay will examine different arguments concerning the ozone layer. Ozone is a highly irritant gas, which is formed in our atmosphere in the presence of sunlight from other air pollutants, including nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. These "precusor" pollutants, which cause the formation of ozone, are emitted by pollution sources. The adverse health consequences of breathing ozone at levels below the current U.S. National ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of 120 parts per billion are serious and well documented. Observational epidemiology studies have shown compelling and consistent evidence of adverse effects by ozone below the current standards. Considering the published results from various cities, the EPA analysis under predicts the respiratory hospital admission benefits of their proposed regulations. Airway inflammation in the lung is among the serious effects that have been demonstrated by controlled human studies of the ozone at levels typically experienced by most Americans. Exposures to ozone and particulate matter air pollution have been linked to medically significant adverse health effects. The current NAAQS for these pollutants are not sufficiently protective of public health. Both the ozone and particulate matter standards have vast implications for the equality of life and the economy of the United States. The vast majority of Americans support improving and enhancing the quality of their life by eliminating or decreasing air pollution. Americans are quite willing to shoulder the burden of clean air. The Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S public and

Need Extra Income

Uch a significant effect of the book on people's mental health, however, Is of much older ancestry. It is said, that already in ancient Greece amongst others Aristotle regarded literature as drugs for the soul. During the 1200s, it was read even from the Quran to patients In the hospital In Cairo A1-Mansur, as part of the treatment. The first doctoral dissertation in bibliotherapy was written in 1949 by the American Caroline Shrodes.There are clear links from psychotherapy to bibliotherapy, but ibliotherapy bottoms in other theories. Shrodes also expresses the same three phases in the bibliotherapeutic process: identification, catharsis, and insight. Readers Identify, recognize themselves in the text, and live Into It so they can look at their own life from a different perspective. The reading may thus have positive and liberating emotional impact on the individual concerned.The clinical bibliotherapy focuses on therapeutic and healing effect on reading and onversation. Here collabor ating librarian with a doctor who monitors and controls his work. Today bibliotherapy is used in a hospital, where the long-term patients can borrow books in a hospital library. The patients can be In groups or alone for discussing with a librarian or therapist the works they read, and the feelings and thoughts that the reading evoked.Even counselors, doctors, and social workers can utilize literature as herapy or aids together with their patients. Bibliographic therapeutic methods can be used both in the social and health services as well as Integrated In occupational health and tutorials, but also among various leisure activities. College students eager to write a successful research proposal on the topic may want to use free sample research paper on bibliotherapy, which are able to help you understand the set of rules of scientific article writing.

I Am the Way and the Truth and the Life Theological Study Essay

Jesus answered, â€Å"I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me. â€Å" When examining a Biblical verse, it is important to understand the historical context in which it’s written. Originally recorded by John, Son of Zebedee, whose main purpose in writing his Gospel can be found in John 20:31, â€Å"But these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name. , is Jesus’ declaration â€Å"I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me†. The passage of John 14:6 is part of an extensive conversation that Jesus had with his disciples during the â€Å"Last Supper† on the eve of the Passover Feast. Immediately preceding the statement, we read that Judas has been identified as the betrayer of Jesus and that Peter will deny Jesus three times before sunrise. Jesus has just advised his followers that he w ill be leaving them soon and He is attempting to comfort them. This one statement which focuses on the four thoughts, â€Å"way, truth, life, and coming to the Father†, is in essence a â€Å"recipe† for Christianity and completely fulfills the prophesy of the coming Messiah in the Old Testament. In examining the first word â€Å"way†, we find numerous accounts of The Way in the New Testament. The Way was a term used within the Jewish community to identify the â€Å"sect† of Jesus- the true Israel- as opposed to the Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, and the Zealots. We can see an example of this usage by Paul in the text of Acts 24:14, â€Å"However, I admit that I worship the God of our fathers as a follower of the Way, which they call a sect†¦Ã¢â‚¬  There are also Old Testament accounts such as in Isaiah 35:8 which speaks of the joy of the Redeemed, â€Å"And a highway will be there; it will be called the Way of Holiness. The unclean will not journey on it; it will be for those who walk in that Way; wicked fools will not go about on it. † Jesus is the Way. He is the only way to Salvation; He is the only way the Father. Looking at the second word, â€Å"truth†, we can obtain a direct definition from the Expository Dictionary, in which the Greek translation means the â€Å"truth of God†. We can find many references to the word truth in the Bible. John 14:16-17, 1 John 4:6, and 2 John 2 contain multiple references to the Spirit of Truth and John 15:26 declares â€Å"When the Counselor comes whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of Truth, who goes out from the Father, He will testify about me†. In John 14: 9, Jesus says â€Å"†¦ Anyone who has seen me has seen the Father. And in verse 11, He says â€Å"Believe me when I say that I am in the Father and the Father is in me†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . The Truth is Jesus is the Christ- the Son of God, the personification of God, and part of the Trinity. Life, the third main word in the verse refers to Eternal Life. This is affirmed in various biblical verses such as John 3:16 â€Å"For God so loved the world that he gave his o ne and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life†. There are also several verses such as in John 5:40 and Acts 3:15 where Jesus is referred to as the Author of Life. In John 1:1-5 we can find the Prime Author idea expanded upon with â€Å"†In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God; all things were made through Him, and without Him was not anything made that was made. In Him was life, and the life was the light of men. The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it†. I do not believe it was an accident that Jesus was crucified in conjunction with the Passover Festival. Jesus became our sacrificial lamb and shed his blood so that the judgement of death would â€Å"pass over† us and allow us to obtain salvation.

The Ghost in Shakespeares Hamlet essays

The Ghost in Shakespeares Hamlet essays The ghost of William Shakespeares play, Hamlet, has a clear mission. He knows that the kings death must be avenged, he knows that Hamlet must do it, and he is very clear about how it should be done. The ghost knows that he must first convince Hamlet that he is who he says he is, and then he must convince Hamlet to avenge his death. His concerns are related primarily to Gertrude and Claudius but he also thinks that all of Denmark should be aware of the terrible deed that has been done. The ghost of Hamlet has a strong sense of self and he is very aware of the immediate surrounding as well as the bigger picture. He also has a plan and Hamlet is the only person that can carry out the plan. The ghost in Hamlet is one that exhibits extreme self-control throughout the entire play. We can see an example of this when the ghost and Hamlet talk at the end of Act I. The ghost is very well aware of who he is, although Hamlet expresses much doubt about his identity. When the ghost tells Hamlet that he is thy fathers spirit (Shakespeare I.v.14), we believe him because his character is strong. He is also aware of the fact that he is a ghost: Doomed for a certain term to walk the night And for the day confined to fast in fires Till the foul crimes done in my day of nature Here we see how the ghost is not only aware of the fact that he is a ghost but he knows why. He knows that he cannot tell the secrets of his house but if he could, they would freeze Hamlets blood. The ghost is also aware of Hamlets place in all of this. It is simply to avenge his fathers death, a foul and most unnatural murder (I.v.31). It is also important to note how the ghost is able to see the bigger picture. He wants Hamlet to know that he was not just murdered but he was murdered in a foul way by those closest to him. He tells Hamlet that because of how he died ...

Why cant human dive us deep us other diving animals essays

Why cant human dive us deep us other diving animals essays When a diver dives deep for a period of time, breathing regular compressed air, a certain amount on nitrogen will be dissolved in the blood. If the diver comes back up to the reduced pressure of the surface too quickly, small bubbles of nitrogen will form in the blood stream. This is called "the bends" and requires the person to spend some time in a decompression chamber to gradually reduce the pressure and allow the nitrogen to escape the body. Some animals goes down much deeper then we do, so how come they don't get the bends are die from the pressure? Like some seals and whales that could go 10 times deeper then us and comes back to the surface 10 times faster. How come they don't suffer from this? Researchers had found that deep diving animals rely far less on air stored in their lungs and far more on oxygen stored in their muscles. Their muscles tend to hold unusually high concentrations of myoglobin. A myoglobin is a protein that picks up life-giving oxygen from the blood and stores it for later use in providing usable energy for muscles by oxidizing sugars. Humans on the other hand rely on only their lungs and the compressed air in their tank for diving. The myoglobin in the humans carries much less oxygen. Matter of fact we store very few of our oxygen in the myoglobin, we store the oxygen in the lungs and use the oxygen for the myoglobin when we need to use it. When the seal ascend the lungs collapse rapidly, keeping large amounts of nitrogen from entering the blood. The collapse of the lungs halts the flow of all atmospheric gases form the lungs into the bloodstream. They also prevent the flow of oxygen into the blood. When this animal does deep dives, the muscles are working much harder than any other organ. It will carry their own supply of oxygen in the form of myoglobin. Deep diving animals' stores 47 percent of its overall body oxygen in its muscles, the rest is circulating through the blood and lungs....

Including Terrorist Organizations and Individuals

Including Terrorist Organizations and Individuals The Specially Designated Nationals list is  a group of organizations and individuals who are restricted from doing business with the United States, American companies or general  Americans. This includes terrorist organizations, individual terrorists and state sponsors of terrorism (such as Iran, and North Korea). The list of specially designated nationals is maintained by the U.S. Department of The Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). Available for the Public The SDN List is publicly available on the U.S Department of The Treasury website along with a Blocked Persons List (SDN) and Human Readable List. These lists are published by the OFAC on behalf of enforcement efforts and they may be viewed in data format, by OFAC sanction and are available in additional sorting options. For example, the SDN List has been sorted by sanction program and country.  Full lists along with an archive of changes made to the most recently updated SDN list is available through the OFAC. Program Codes, Tags, and Definitions While sorting through OFAC lists,  there are various program tags listed along with their definition as guidance for readers and researchers. These program tags, also known as codes, give a brief definition as to why the person or entity has been blocked, designated or identified regarding the sanction.  The program tag [BPI-PA], for example, notes in the definition that it is Blocked Pending Investigation according to the Patriot Act. Another program code for [FSE-SY] says, Foreign Sanctions Evaders Executive Order 13608 - Syria. The list of program tags and their definitions goes on including links to their reference as a resource. Frequently Asked Questions There are  hundreds  of questions asked and answered on the official OFAC website regarding The SDN List. Some interesting facts about The SDN List follow: Changes to previous SDN Lists are available both in real time and prior years on the OFAC website, all the way back to 1994.  The OFAC maintains several of their sanctions list files on an FTP server which can be accessed online. When it is down, there is a support hotline that may be reached.Weak aliases, known as AKAs, is a generic alias that can create a big amount of fake hits when specific names are generated on a screening system through a computer. Thus, they are included on The SDN List for identifier information but are distinguished as weak due to the many false hits that are received. Protecting Yourself If there is false information on your credit report, the OFAC recommends contacting the credit report company involved. It is your right as a consumer to ask to get rid of any inaccurate information. Additionally, every year the OFAC takes off hundreds of people from The SDN List when they are consistent with the law and have a good change in behavior. Individuals may file a petition to be removed from the OFAC list which then undergoes an official and rigorous review. The petition can be written by hand and mailed to OFAC or it can be emailed, however it may not be requested by phone.

Hospitals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hospitals - Essay Example Services include more difficult treatment options such as traumatic brain injury repair and spinal cord injuries. This non-profit hospital appears to provide a higher standard of care than other hospitals in Chicago. Much of the funding for this hospital comes from donations from large benefactors and private donators as well. Many of the patients at Schwab Rehabilitation Hospital are also on some form of public assistance which helps the hospital receive more patient revenues. A governmental hospital in Chicago is the Alton Mental Health Center which is fully funded by government agencies. This is a psychiatric treatment hospital in which patients are residents. The typical patient is urban and the hospital specializes in psychiatric treatment for people who have committed crimes or are dangers to society or to themselves. Alton Mental Health Center has high technology treatment facilities backed by government

Interview with a school princaple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Interview with a school princaple - Essay Example It could be something as simple as the number of books a family has in their household or whether the parents are well off enough to play and stimulate their children. But we need a reality check. Is this true? Is this an all-abiding theory, which can explain differences in education results? The answer is that while it can occasionally provide some context, it is not really a theory and doesn’t tell us too much about the world. Some students have more opportunities than others, but there are many people from poorer background who succeed in everything they do. It is not a determining factor. That is part of the problem of social sciences is that they theories they propose are only ever contextual and not determinative. That is a shame. Sociology at its best tells us about ourselves and about the trends and demographics that are determining the shapes of our lives and how we should best respond to them. At its worst, sociology can be a sandbox in which different so-called scie ntists try to settle various political spats. This is much less interesting and important, but nevertheless often gets a lot of attention and research money. When we look at sociology and its possible impact on our lives we should try to do reality checks and expose phony and attention-getting theories so that we can focus on what is real. We need to focus on teaching in order to make a successful school. Supervision is key to making sure a school works well. In general, I try to cover a lot of ground in my school. I know the names of everyone on my staff and I try to be aware if any of them are having problems. The key, in my opinion, is to make sure that staff feel respected. It is not good to be watching their every move on camera. You need to give them room to be themselves. But also you must be vigilant. Generally, I get a good response from my staff on this subject. If I could change anything I would do my best to learn more

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Case Study - Essay Example Her mother seemed particularly agitated and anxious because Cherry had â€Å"passed out† during her last episode of vomiting. She complained of severe abdominal pain and feeling hot. She seemed drowsy and lethargic as she was taken into the Emergency department. The nurse on duty made an initial assessment of Cherry in order that she could take better care of her. She found that Cherry had an acetone smell to her breath and inquired if she had taken any drugs or alcohol the previous day, but Cherry denied taking any such thing. She also found that Cherry complained of having pain in all quadrants of her abdomen. Taking into consideration the blood results and reviewing the client history, the physician as well as the nurse concluded that Cherry Honeywell had â€Å"Diabetic ketoacidosis†. Cherry’s mother was visibly shocked and could not believe that her daughter was a diabetic. The reason for concluding that Cherry had a condition called â€Å"Diabetic Ketoacidosis† was because the nurse found the urine containing â€Å"ketones†. The nurse was very vigilant in informing the doctor of Cherry’s condition because such a condition if left untreated immediately could lead to coma and death. It is still a mystery as to the actual cause of diabetes, but the Medical Fraternity believe that environmental factors and genetics like obesity and lack of exercise play major roles. In fact most people are not even aware that they have diabetes. In this test a person’s blood glucose level is checked after a fast and two hours after drinking a glucose rich beverage. If the blood glucose level is between 140 and 199 mg/dl then the person has pre-diabetes. If the blood sugar level is above 200 mg/dl then the person is suffering from diabetes. To prepare the patient for an IV Cannula, the nurse rubs Emla cream on Cherry’s hands. The IV Therapy commenced by giving her 1000ml of Normal Saline at 0345 hours

Tesco Marketing Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Tesco Marketing Plan - Essay Example Price competition, backed by improved efficiency, is the main feature of food retailing industry today. UK food retailers fight for survival in markets faced with over-capacity. Within rapidly changing environment, this kind of development ensures that long-term survivors are those firms who are more competitive and are better able to satisfy consumer needs and adapt to the new competitive environment. In 2004, consolidation re-shape UK retailing industry and Hypermarket retailers (like Tesco) want to make sure they don't miss out on this growing area of the UK market" (Moreau, 2004; Desjardins, 2005). The first marketing aim is to get the right goods to the right consumers, trying hard for customers. Another marketing aim is to build and promote healthy living brand. Knowing what individual customers appreciate and what they want to avoid can add up to one of differences that create a competitive advantage. C) Tesco customer groups are defined on the basis of their specific segments and buying potential whether they be country groups or individual consumer groups-of potential customers with homogeneous attributes who are likely to exhibit similar responses to a company's marketing mix. Tesco customers can be divided into five broad categories: The second group of customers share universal wants, n... Life stage of customers (students, young adults, older adults, young families, older families, over 60s); lifestyle ('Basket typology'); Customers driven by product promotions; Customers loyal to specific brands" (New Marketing Techniques Search for the Edge, n.d.). The first group of consumers is characterized by strong purchasing power. They need high quality product and ready to pay for them. This is a high-income group. The second group of customers share universal wants, needs, desires, (for name brands, novelty, entertainment, trendy, and image-oriented products). This segment is attractive both in terms of its size and its multi-billion dollar purchasing power. This segment's needs and wants are spread over various product categories: durable and nondurables goods. The third group is characterized by share few family activities; they want build-to-order solutions. They do not need a specific brand or new product, but high service and product at low price. This is a fast-growing segment. Customers driven by product promotions are not usual visitors of Tesco being attracted by low price and discount for new products. They are deluged with passive information. The fifth group includes people whose tastes are based on desired standards. Quality is the main purchasing criteria of this group. Their choices are made on the basis of price and product features. Graphically these groups can be represented as follows: 100% (customers) 50% 1 2 3 4 5 (Groups) It is important to note that there are some customers which belong to two different groups. For instance, they can represent lifestyle ('Basket typology') group, but be loyal to specific brands. D) The main competitors of Tesco are Sainsbury and Asda. Minor competitors

The leading health indicator as defined by Health People 2020 Essay

The leading health indicator as defined by Health People 2020 - Essay Example The indicators are useful in assessing the health rate of the nation, to facilitate collaboration in different sectors and in motivation of action in different levels to ensure there is improvement of health in the American population. The ability of an individual to have access to health services has effect on many aspect of life. However, there are many Americans who lack primary care providers to receive medical services. This is an issue addressed by leading health indicators as defined by Health People 2020. People who do not have medical insurance are more likely to lack medical care as a result of high costs. It is important that these people receive medical insurance or medical care at affordable costs. To improve the nation’s health there are things that are key such as routine screens and immunizations. The services prevent and detect illnesses to provide treatment (Healthy people,

Had the Increased Influence of Minor Parties and Independents Enhanced Essay

Had the Increased Influence of Minor Parties and Independents Enhanced Democracy in Australia - Essay Example It is for this reason that democracy is said to be governance for the people (Stock, 2006). These positive remarks about democracy do not mean however that the successes associated with democracy come on a silver platter. Democratic successes are actually worked and it only takes a country with very good structures and systems to have a perfect democratic practice that is free from hitches and predicaments. A democratic practicing nation, Australia has held on to the very fundamental provisions of democratic governance for a very long time. Though globally acclaimed as a democratic giant, the country continues to make strives in getting her democratic practice become even better. It is for this reason that the democratic practice of Australia continues to be under scrutiny and research. All these happen in a bid to establish the core place of Australia’s democratic practice in global politics. 1.2 Research Question The successful completion of this essay would be judged by whe ther or not the writer has been able to address and sufficiently answered the question: â€Å"Has the increased influence of minor parties and independents enhanced democracy in Australia?† 1.3 Rationale for the Study As pointed out earlier, Australia as a country is never resting on her achievement as a recognized practitioner of fair and transparent democracy. Rather, there continues to be ways of searching for knowledge and ideas to make the democratic practice of the country even better (Warhurst, 2007). The rationale of this essay is firmly rooted in this philosophy to examine the role of minor political parties and independents in Australia and ways of ensuring that the minor political parities become even more proactive and useful to the democratic dispensation of the country. 1.4 Central Argument One of the core philosophies of the Australian democratic practice that could be pointed out as a secret to her democracy is the involvement of minor political parties in the country’s democratic dispensations. The writer therefore takes the position that the increased influence of minor political parties and independence in Australia’s political system has enhanced democracy in Australia. 2.0 REVIEW OF INFLUENCE OF MINOR PARTIES TO AUSTRALIA’S DEMOCRACY The writer shall use the following sections to break his persuasion into three major themes of the role of minor political parties in enhancing the democratic practice of Australia. These themes were first used by Gauja (2010). The themes are electoral influence, organisational influence and parliamentary influence. Each theme shall have two major factors or roles. 2.1 Electoral 2.1.1 Consolidates the basic provisions of the constitution The first electoral role that the minor political parties play in Australia’s political democratic system is that they help in consolidating the basic provisions of the country’s constitution. This is because in Australian constitution , there is a special provision for proportional representation (Vromen and Gelber, 2005). Proportional representation method of voting is a special dispensation that demands that minor political parties and independents should attain a minimum of one quota in all electoral state. Such representation is further manifest in the parliamentary system as the representatives from the minor political parties are represented in a parliamentary chamber. This is a major justification that in the absence of minor poli

The leading health indicator as defined by Health People 2020 Essay

The leading health indicator as defined by Health People 2020 - Essay Example The indicators are useful in assessing the health rate of the nation, to facilitate collaboration in different sectors and in motivation of action in different levels to ensure there is improvement of health in the American population. The ability of an individual to have access to health services has effect on many aspect of life. However, there are many Americans who lack primary care providers to receive medical services. This is an issue addressed by leading health indicators as defined by Health People 2020. People who do not have medical insurance are more likely to lack medical care as a result of high costs. It is important that these people receive medical insurance or medical care at affordable costs. To improve the nation’s health there are things that are key such as routine screens and immunizations. The services prevent and detect illnesses to provide treatment (Healthy people,

Environmental Management Audit Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Environmental Management Audit Report - Essay Example Principles of Environmental Auditing In this section, the report will discuss the fundamental elements and features of environmental auditing. This will set the framework for the discussion of the elements of the audit and the scope of the audit. The section will provide groundbreaking definitions and important ideas and concepts that defines auditing in the environmental management sector. The information analysed in this section is based on a critical literature review that provides important insights into the core ideas under examination in this report. Auditing is defined as an examination of records or accounts to check their accuracy and verify elements that define the records in question (Alexander 195). This implies that auditing is fundamentally involved in checking information presented by a group to ascertain whether it meets the standard that the group are claiming to adhere to or not. Audit involves a review of accounts and information to pass an opinion on whether they are true or not. Environmental audit is somewhat different from the mainstream audit which is often financial in nature. Environmental audit is a management tool which comprises of a systematic, documented procedure and objective evaluation of how well the environment of an organisation, its management and equipment are performing and the end sought by these audits is to ensure that the environment is safeguarded (Keil 22). The procedure of environmental auditing ultimately aims at facilitating management control of environmental practices and assessing compliance with company policies which include amongst other things, meeting regulatory requirements (Keil 22). Another view of environmental audit is that it involves a verification of a statement of compliance or conformity with defined requirements and conditions made by the auditee either explicitly or implicitly (Hitchens et al 128). In order to explain this further, it must be noted that every environmental report that an organisation's manageme nt puts forward is based on a number of assumptions or claims. In other words, there are some express and implied terms that an organisation needs to adhere to in order to prepare environmental reports. The express ones are those that are stated in the company policy whilst the implied ones are those that are expected of an organisation and this include industrial and legal requirements for environmental compliance. Thus, the essence of environmental audit is to test and verify if these standards and terms were met as the management claim at the time of preparing the reports in question. Vincoli (91) identifies that there are four main elements of environmental audit and this include: 1. Systematic: Environmental audit must be done in a structured and defined manner. This should involve laid down steps and directions that must be met and adhered to with a very high standard. Each step needs to

Starbucks External Environment

Starbucks External Environment This report is prepared for Starbucks Coffee Company Starbucks by a Specialist Marketing Consultant, to analyse the strategic position for Starbucks in the Specialty Coffee Industry. It provides a summary of all the major findings and, explores various strategic options and recommendations for Starbucks in order to increase and maintain its competitive advantage within the industry. Starbucks is a global leading brand, well known for its specialty coffee. The coffee house does not only sell high-quality coffees, but also Italian style beverages, cold beverages, complimentary food items, premium teas and coffee-related accessories. It has further retained its competitive advantage by selling packaged coffees and teas, ready-to-drink beverages, ice creams and many other products in other retail stores such as supermarkets through licensing relationships. Key Findings: Starbucks is facing various issues, some of which include; Maintaining the Starbucks Experience for customers and not being seen as just a money making machine Store Expansion Competition from fast-food chains and other specialty coffee retailers Generating more demand Lowering input costs Key Recommendations: Based on the strategic findings, the report outlined several recommended strategic options, the mains ones of which are: To improve the subliminal and express aura of Starbucks by supporting more good causes and paying its proper taxes. To increase revenue at lower costs, Starbucks must try and search for more licensing relationships and expose the brand further. Existing stores could attract more customers, particularly after the morning peak times by offering non-coffee beverage options or products for specific groups such as retired people. The recommended policies will help to enhance and strengthen Starbucks market share in the specialty coffee industry. Background Information on Starbucks Coffee Company (Starbucks) Starbucks was incorporated in the year 1971 by its founding directors Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl and Gordon Bowker. The Company was set up to operate as a roaster and retailer of whole bean and ground coffee, tea and spices together with coffee making equipment in Pike Place Market in Seattle, Washington (Starbucks 2013b). In the year 1987, the original owners sold the Starbucks chain to former employee Howard Schultz, who is now the current Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Starbucks. Schultz re-branded his already existin II Giornale Coffee outlets as Starbucks and quickly began to expand (Grant 2010) as he believed that: From the beginning, Starbucks set out to be a different kind of company. One that not only celebrated coffee and the rich tradition, but that also brought a feeling of connection (Starbucks 2013a). Starbucks has truly developed a unique brand experience, one which is the most respected and recognized around the world (Starbucks Annual Report 2012). Today, it is known to be one of the largest and best established American global coffeehouse chains (Grant 2010). It has grown to have over 20,800 stores in over 60 countries, with the United States having the highest number of stores, followed by Canada. The UK has approximately 806 stores. However, countries like India, the second most populous country in the world, has only circa 8 stores (Loxcel Starbucks 2013). Critical Evaluation of the Porter Five Forces Concept All organisations need to understand the dynamics of their industries and markets in order to compete effectively and intensively in the market place. An American management writer Michael Porter came up with a framework called Porters Five Forces (Porter 2008). The framework analysis the attractiveness of an organisation and or/industry structure, determines the main external competitive threats, and assesses the extent to which the five forces are relevant to the organisation and/or industry (Hollensen 2003;Purcell 2013). The five fundamental competitive forces include (1) Rivalry, (2) Buyer Power, (3) Threat of Entry, (4) Supplier Power and (5) Threat of Substitutes (Porter 2008) (Figure1 Porters Five Forces Framework). These five forces, as explained above, aid an organisation to understand two strengths; The current competitive situation and, The strength of a position it would like to move into (Purcell 2013). Michael Porter simplified the micro-economic theory into the above five major influences. Each of these influences take into account demand and supply, corresponding products as well as substitutes, the relationship between volume and production and the cost of production, and the structure of the market such as oligopoly, monopoly etc. (Grundy 2006;Porter 2008). Apart from that, the value of information abstracted from the Framework analysis, assists to fuel three aspects of corporate planning; Statistical Analysis The attractiveness and profitability of an organisation/industry can be determined by using Porters Five Force Analysis, hence supporting decision making on whether to enter/exit from an industry or market segment (Porter 2008). Furthermore, the framework considers and takes into account the impact of competitive forces on the organization (RAPIDBI 2012) itself versus impacts on its competitors (Ketels 2006). Due to the availability of different resources and levels of competences, the competitors may have different reactions when there is a change in competitive forces, hence influencing the structure of the whole industry (Grundy 2006;Ketels 2006). Dynamical Analysis   A combination of both Porters Five Force Analysis and a PEST- Analysis (Political, Economical, Social, Technological), will disclose clues on how attractive the organisation/industry will be in the future (Porter 2008). This is because a change in Political, Economical, Socio-demographical and Technological aspects of organisations/industry can be influential on the five competitive forces and, hence will impact on the industry structure (Karagiannopoulos et al. 2005). Analysis of Options Improvement of an organisations own competitive position can be influenced by having some knowledge on both the degree of intensity and power of competitive forces (Recklies 2001). A new strategic direction can be derived from this such as new positioning in the market and differentiation for competitive products (Porter 2008). Accordingly, Porters Five Force Framework allows an organization to analyse the market structure and competitive situation in a more systematic and structured way (Recklies 2001). Once all relevant forces for that particular market are identified and analyzed, managers can find options that influence these forces, subject to the organizations interest (Grundy 2006;Ketels 2006;Recklies 2001). Recent research has shown that Porters Five Force Framework has got both strengths and weaknesses when used in todays dynamic environment, the main weakness highlighted has been the historic nature of its development (Grundy 2006). Cyclical growth in the 80s showed that the global economy had been fairly stable and predictable, compared to the current economy (Grundy 2006). Several limitations to the Porters Five Force Framework have been shown as; From the economic point of view, the framework is under the assumption that the market is perfect (Rivard et al. 2006). As a result, the framework will not be able to deliver meaningful insights on highly regulated industries (Grundy 2006)) . The applicability of the framework is more towards the analysis of simple market structures, rather than those which are in a much more complex industry (Grant 2010). As a result, the framework is limited to focusing on particular segments of such industries. This imposes an increased risk in omitting important elements (Grant 2010) . The framework assumption on having moderate static market structures makes it a non suitable framework for todays dynamic markets. Business models, entry barriers and relationships may change along the supply chain within a snapshot due to technological breakthroughs and dynamic market entrants (Karagiannopoulos et al. 2005). As a result, the framework could be a preferred model to be used at a later stage for analyzing new situations; however, it is limited to and perhaps not ideal to a certain extent to provide preventative actions (Rivard et al. 2006) . Porters Framework is based around the idea of competition, hence the name competitive forces. The assumption made by the framework is that a company will try to attain competitive advantage over the various players in the markets together with suppliers or customers (Aktouf et al. 2005). As a result of this, the framework only focuses on such aspect of strategy rather than taking into consideration the availability of strategic alliances, virtual enterprise- networks or others (Aktouf et al. 2005).    Overall, Porters Five Forces Framework has limitations because it does not take into consideration new business models and the dynamics of the market place (Recklies 2001). This report will now apply the Porters Five Force Framework to Starbucks Coffee Company (Starbucks) which is a large specialty coffee shop popular in most western countries such as the United States of America, United Kingdom and many others. Critical Analysis of Starbucks External Environment Within the rapidly changing global picture, companies and consumers are increasingly affected by global forces, represented as non-controllable. These forces are external environmental influences which must be monitored and responded to, on an ongoing basis by marketers, as they will lead to new opportunities and threats (Kotler 2007). An external environmental analysis, using the macro-economic PESTLE model was carried out for Starbucks and has been attached at Appendix 2 of this report. It can be seen from the analysis at Appendix 2 that there is currently a negative imbalance in Starbucks external influence matrix. This is because whilst the sociologic factors are favourable, whilst other factors such as Political, Economic and Legal show substantial threats. However, Starbucks has got some strengths that over-come some of these non-controllable influences from the external environment. It has built in flexibility to change, for example, agreeing to pay extra corporation tax in the UK, for the next two years (BBC News Business 2013), or relating to the closure of non-profit making stores, and lastly it has developed high powered management decision making process which ensures that is quick at exploiting opportunities (Patton 2012). Critical Analysis of Starbucks Business Environment Michael Porter (1985) posits that, in an attempt to find effective sources of competitive advantage, a thorough research should be conducted on the structure of the industry. In this case, an analysis of the speciality coffee industry can help to establish the strategic position Starbucks occupies and wishes to occupy. Porters Five Forces model is a useful tool in this regard. It shows how key elements have shaped the competition in the industry (Hill and Jones 2009). Buyer power In the specialty coffee industry today, consumers have wide access to different products at different prices with better quality services (Hunt et al. 2011). This practically means that individuals have the choice to easily switch from product to product, whichever is the preferred one. This is where Starbucks has an advantage; it decides on the prices of the drinks offered to its consumers, by taking into consideration the price-elasticity which is strongly influenced by loyalty to its brand and also current prices at rival stores (Grant 2010). Since Starbucks is known to be an up-market coffee shop with high quality, based on perception and offering vertically differentiated products it is very likely for it to be able to sell its products at high prices, hence leaving no room for price-negotiation with its customers (Grant 2010). Supplier power In 2008, Starbucks purchased its input goods from suppliers at a market price which was 23 per cent lower than it is now (Corporation, 2008) It also takes advantage of its size and benefits from economies of scale, however, this does not help Starbucks to increase its number of suppliers due to the circumstances within Starbucks own marketplace (Grant 2010). Prices are usually determined based on the demand and supply ratio, hence, with an increased level of competition (Kotler 2007), substitute suppliers are always available if Starbucks wishes to purchase at a different price point. Despite all the supplier conditions, Starbucks holds a better relationship status with its suppliers than most of its competitors (Starbucks, 2013). Threat of substitutes Product-for-product analysis together with an analysis of generic substitution is an important area to consider for Starbucks, since 14% of coffee drinkers have a favourable opinion for them (Rasmussen Reports 2011). The vast variety of the availability of different beverages such as soda, energy drinks, juices or water, in comparison to coffee, must be taken into consideration by Starbucks. However, this is not of a huge concern to Starbucks since it sells a large selection of these beverages within its stores, the biggest one being tea, a direct substitute to coffee. Starbucks has taken the initiative to sell this direct substitute product under its own Tazo ® Tea brand (Starbucks 2013). There is quite a concern when the threat of customers substituting away from Starbucks and going for direct competitors such as Cafà © Nero and Costa Coffee (for example in the UK) is considered. These direct competitors are hard to differentiate because they also truly pride themselves on customer services and on the quality of their speciality drinks. Large food chain competitors such as McDonalds are usually known as having a negative undertone of being cheap, often compromising on the quality of coffee. This has no effect on Starbucks targeted customer base (Grant 2010). Threat of entry The barriers to entry in the specialty coffee market, such as the one Starbucks operates in have increased. This has reduced the potential threat of new entrants (Patton 2012). The capital requirement for small coffee shops in this industry is relatively small as the shops require a small amount of floor space and not a high amount of technology is used, which is normally the biggest start-up cost. As a result the potential for more of these small coffee shops to enter the industry is still present (Articlesbase 2011). Industry Rivalry McDonalds and other fast food chains are key competitors which are diversifying their beverage menu. The direct competitors like Costa Coffee and Cafà © Nero compete on a much more of a parallel with Starbucks compared to the fast food chains, as they attract the same consumer base and offer similar products as in the way Starbucks does. Starbucks differentiates itself from other coffeehouses as it reaps higher margins from its specialty drinks. This is because it takes advantage of economies of scale and has a different cost structure in contrast with other competitors in the market. They pay less for the products bought in bulk, such as dairy goods, syrups, paper goods etc (Starbucks 10K 2010). Strategic Recommendation Whether Starbucks coffee has the actual quality to attract customers or whether there is just a perception of it being better than that of competitors has been the subject of much discussion on public media through many recent surveys and reviews. Irrespective of that, some possible strategies to be considered by Starbucks in order to maintain its market position are as follows: Strategy to renew the Starbucks brand name. To maintain a strong brand name, Starbucks will have to assure people that their coffee is better than all other beverages, be it McDonalds coffee or Costa Coffee; by introducing a more aggressive advertising campaign in order to educate and acquaint customers about the uniqueness that Starbucks quality offers as well as by diversifying advertising channels using internet, visual media etc instead of depending on employee-customer liaison (Starbucks, 2013) Product Differentiation Product differentiation is very vital in order to develop new flavour, blends and also roast fusions (Ross Gaddis, 2013) Starbucks should continue its coffee development program efforts through extensive research. This should continue to be done by providing free samples, at first, leading to launching the new product into all stores depending on what response it gets from the samples distributed (Porter, 2008) Due to the recession, consumers try to cut their spending and are less likely to buy a cup of coffee for  £2.50, and therefore, differentiation can be a useful tool to overcome economic downturns (Moon, 2010) Starbucks can promote new cost efficient products by selling them at lower prices, hence not affecting its luxury-premium status in the market. This strategy can help Starbucks retain its customers as well as intensify their brand name. Privilege Card and Rewards Program Starbucks Card program for consumers to reload credit online has been implemented in order to not only provide customers with rewards on online registering but also benefiting them with complementary beverages after a certain number of purchases, free refills as well as free syrup options (Starbucks, 2013). However, other competitors also have similar strategies for consumers and this leads Starbucks to offer distinct rewards in order to deliver incentives for coffee consumers as compared to its rivals. For instance, Starbucks could cooperate with airline companies and various large retail businesses so as to combine their rewards program with Starbucks (Hill Jones, 2010) Focus on the coffee Starbucks should also consider cost reduction as well as potential growth strategies especially at the time of economic downturn. For example, Starbucks has begun to invest in new businesses other than coffee, such as films, music and books (Starbucks, 2013) This has led Starbucks to incurring higher costs and lower profit margins but this can be prevented by focusing on different marketing techniques to reach a wider audience. In these recessionary times, involving itself in fewer businesses can help Starbucks cut down costs and more resources can be utilised to improve their core product, which is coffee (Moon, 2010) Efficient Store Expansion Decision The launch of more stores has had to be reduced or halted completely in order for Starbucks to survive at the time recession in the United States. In the year 2007, Starbucks opened about 1700 stores; today it has around 15000 stores and still aims to build the number of stores up to 40000 in the foreseeable future (Corporation, 2008) Taking into account its overall financial performance as well as the downfall in the economy, it is best if Starbucks focuses on renewing its brand and customer base rather than opening stores at present (Omer, 2008). The Starbucks Feel People enter a Starbucks store not just for a cup of coffee but also for the relaxed environment and the opportunity to de-stress for a while. The initiative to write customers names on their cups adds to this club atmosphere. This Starbucks feel needs to be further developed and sold to the customers. SECTION 6 References Aktouf, O., Chenoufi, M., Holford, W.D. 2005. The False Expectations of Michael Porters Strategic Management Framework. Problems Perspectives in Management (4) 181 available from: http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/19299836/false-expectations-michael-porters-strategic-management-framework Articlesbase 2011. The Initial Capital Investment in Starting a Coffee Shop Business. Articlesbase available from: http://www.articlesbase.com/entrepreneurship-articles/the-initial-capital-investment-in-starting-a-coffee-shop-business-5185126.html Accessed 18 April 2013. Business, N., 2011. www.bbc.co.uk. [Online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20573208 [Accessed March 2013]. BBC News Business 2013. Starbucks rejects tax row threat after Cameron Speech. BBC News Business available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-21219823 Accessed 12 April 2013. Corporation, S., 2008. www.nytimes.com. [Online] Available at: http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/starbucks_corporation/index.html [Accessed 2013]. Grant, R.M. 2010. Contemporary Strategy Analysis: Text Only John Wiley Sons. Grundy, T. 2006. Rethinking and reinventing Michael Porters five forces model. Strategic Change, 15, (5) 213-229 available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsc.764 Hill, C. Jones, G., 2010. Strategic Management Theory. USA: South-Western Cencage Learning. Hill, C. Jones, G.R. 2009. Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach : Theory South-Western/Cengage Learning. Hollensen, S. 2003. Marketing management: a relationship approach Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Hunt, K.A., Durango, C.O., Fate, J. 2011. Cultural and Social Influences on the Perception of Beauty: A Case Analysis of the Cosmetics Industry. Journal of Business Case Karagiannopoulos, G.D., Georgopoulos, N., Nikolopoulos, K. 2005. Fathoming Porters five forces model in the internet era. info, 7, (6) 66-76 available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14636690510628328 Ketels, C.H.M. 2006. Michael Porter Competitiveness FrameworkRecent Learnings and New Research Priorities. Journal of Industry, Competition Trade, 6, (2) 115-136 available from: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=trueAuthType=athens,cookie,ip,urldb=bthAN=22555133site=ehost-live Kotler, P. 2007. Framework For Marketing Management, 3/E Pearson Education. Moon, H.-C., 2010. Porters Generic Strategies. In: Global Business Strategy. Singapore: World Scientific Publisher Limited, pp. 10-20. Omer, 2008. Porters Generic Model. Porters Model of Generic Competetive Strategies, 43(3), pp. 55-64. Patton, L. 2012. Starbucks Falls After Cutting Forecast Below Estimate. Bloomberg Businessweek available from: http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-07-26/starbucks-falls-after-cutting-fourth-quarter-profit-forec Accessed 15 April 2013. Porter, M., 2008. Competitive Strategy. 2nd ed. New York: The Free Press. Porter, M.E. 2008. THE FIVE COMPETITIVE FORCES THAT SHAPE STRATEGY. Harvard Business Review, 86, (1) 78-93 available from: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=trueAuthType=athens,cookie,ip,urldb=bthAN=28000138site=ehost-live Accessed 25 March 2013. Purcell, S. 2013. The Strategic Planning Process Part 1. Student Accountant Technical available from: http://www.accaglobal.com/en/student/qualification-resources/acca-qualification/acca-exams/p3-exams/exams-p33.html Accessed 31 March 2013. RAPIDBI 2012. Porters Five Forces for competitor anaysis and advantage. Porters Five Forces Competitor Analysis available from: http://rapidbi.com/porterfiveforces/ Accessed 24 April 2013. Rasmussen Reports 2011. Coffee Drinkers Buy Starbucks More But Like Dunkin Better. Rasmussen Reports available from: http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/lifestyle/general_lifestyle/february_2011/coffee_drinkers_buy_starbucks_more_but_like_dunkin_better Accessed 16 April 2013. Recklies, D. 2001. A Critique of the Critique of Porter. Porters Five Forces available from: http://www.themanager.org/Models/P5F_2.htm Accessed 21 April 2013. Rivard, S., Raymond, L., Verreault, D. 2006. Resource-based view and competitive strategy: an integrated model of the contribution of information technology to firm performance. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 15, (1) 29-50 available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2005.06.003 Ross, R. Gaddis, D., 2013. Product Differentiation. Strategic Management Journal , 34(5), pp. 509-532. Starbucks, 2013. www.starbucks.co.uk. [Online] Available at: http://starbucks.co.uk/ [Accessed April 2013]. Starbucks 2013. Starbucks Tea. Starbucks Corporation available from: http://www.starbucksstore.co.uk/tea/tea,en_GB,sc.html?cm_mmc=Google+UK-_-Brand-+Starbucks+Tea+(UK+Lang)+(Exact)-_-Starbucks+General-_-Starbucks+Generalgclid=CPbS6vPW17YCFXIPtAodmVgAgQ Accessed 18 April 2013. Starbucks 10K 2010. Starbucks Annual Report. Starbucks Corporation available from: http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/829224/000119312510266333/d10k.htm Accessed 19 April 2013. The Boston Globe 2008. Starbucks testing sales of 8-oz. cup of coffee for $1. The Boston Globe available from: http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2008/01/24/starbucks_testing_sales_of_8_oz_cup_of_coffee_for_1/ Accessed 18 April 2013. The New York Times 2008. Starbucks Plans Return to Its Roots. The New York Times available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/20/business/20sbux.html?scp=3sq=starbucksst=nyt_r=0 Accessed 19 April 2013.

Definition Essay - Defining Professionalism -- Expository Definition E

Defining Professionalism Academics believe that professional occupations are those that are full-time occupations, have a commitment to a calling, have formalized organization, are based on specialized education of exceptional duration and difficulty, exhibit a service orientation, and are autonomous. Students feel that a professional is anyone who acts in a professional way and has creditable knowledge of their field. The two are vying for increased recognition in the elite group known as professionals. The academic community wishes to restrict the values of professionalism’s definition. Society wishes to let itself into the professional community by broadening those values. Each side seeks its own best interests in an eternal power struggle. What exactly is the proper definition of professionalism? Also, once a definition is found, how is it enforced? The academic community seems to have settled on a definition, however it differs largely from that of the college students surveyed. The college students, though they are pre-professionals, have a view that is very relaxed, allowing more fields to be considered professional. According to Wilbert E. Moore, The Professions: Rules and Roles, professionalism entails these six values: Full-time occupation, a commitment to a calling, has a formalized organization, is based on specialized education of exceptional duration and difficulty, exhibits a service orientation, and is autonomous. Because of this, occupations such as doctors and lawyers would be considered professional, however, computer programmers would not be professional since they do not have a formal organization overseeing the occupation, or a corporate CEO is also not ... ...and training, it should be deemed professional. Though the academic community attempts to regulate the standards of professionalism, it is the general public who has the last say. Academics may be professionals, but they are not autonomous with regards to the interpretation of the language. Society disagrees with the definition of professionalism; they disagree with the community that regulates professionalism. The academic definition goes against society’s best interest. Because of this, there will always be a disagreement. A compromise will not be reached. Academics will always support values that limit the membership of the elite group they will always be a part of. Society seeks broad values that will provide membership for all. Until the two can agree it is simply disputed territory, like two countries in an relentless struggle for power.

Essay --

In the book Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein is very much interested in sciences and anatomy. As he continues studying these things he attempts to create a human like creature. Victor is successful in the creation of this creature, but when the creature awakes for the first time Victor is terrified by his appearance. Victor runs out of the room, but when he finally returns he finds that the creature is no longer there. Victor has created a horrible monster. This creature ends up murdering many people and terrorizing many. Many of the people that this monster kills are people that are very close to Victor Frankenstein. This monster is very intelligent, he can learn at a fast pace simply by observing others. The monster learned many things by just observing others, he even learned his language skills by listening to other people talking. All he did to learn how to talk was listen to everybody else talk, he just picked up on it and ran with it. This is an incredibly smart thing to be able to do. We grow up learning to talk by hearing others talk as we are babies, our parents...

Hamlet Second Soliloquy

In the last scene of act I Hamlet is told by the ghost that his father has been murdered by Uncle Claudius, the brother of the deceased king. Hamlet once mournful and grim turns revengeful, he promises the ghost to â€Å"sweep† to revenge. But he is tormented with doubts. The ghost has taken its toll on Hamlet but has not been convincing enough, he cannot fully trust it given that it might also be an evil spirit willing to make him change course, misleading him to murder an innocent man and be â€Å"damned† as Hamlet puts it in his words full of fear and anxiety.For such reasons Hamlet conceives a plan, he is going to wear a mask of madness, or put on ‘the antic disposition’, which Hamlet considers will make things easier for him: Hamlet under the mask of madness intends getting people talk more freely in his presence and thus he might easily find the truth about his uncle. But, far from working his plan turns to be counterproductive. Soon, Hamlet draws eve n more attention to himself, the royal court is intrigued by his strange behavior and King Claudius summons Hamlet’s school friends Rosencratz and Guildernstern asking them to go spy on him.Hamlet is suspicious of his own friends and soon conceives a new idea to trap his uncle: the reenactment of his father’s murder under the cover of a play called â€Å"The Murder of Gonzago†. In this particular soliloquy, which comes right after, the audience is waiting to see a more determined Hamlet ready to avenge his father’s murder: indeed it has been a while since Hamlet promised to act. Instead we are presented with an even more confused character, not only uncertain of the world surrounding him but also himself. Shakespeare through the soliloquy paints Hamlet’s character.Thus, the audience finds out that Hamlet is self-loathing -Hamlet’s opening words: expression of self-disgust: â€Å" O what a rogue and peasant slave am I! †, Hamletâ€℠¢s self-critic is obvious here, he reduces himself to the state of a slave. The Prince must really be mad at himself. Shakespeare’s choice of the word â€Å"slave† might signify Hamlet’s inaction, passiveness, just like a slave is chained to his master and incapable of acting against his will, so is Hamlet attached to the shackles of thought and meditation, which impede him from acting, acting freely. -The first layer’s acting has left Hamlet with a sense of amazement. How come the actor can get himself to cry for something that is imaginary, for â€Å"Hecuba†, dead thousands of years ago and Hamlet, who has real, true reasons to cry proves unable to express his anguish over the loss of his father and the incestuous remarriage of his mother: â€Å"can say nothing, – no not for a king†. -Hamlet suggests here that his inability to express himself is like a betrayal, for Hamlet seems to have forsaken his duty of avenging his father. He c alls himself â€Å"A dull and muddy-mettled rascal, peak Like John-a-dreams, unpregnant of my cause†.The choice of the adjective â€Å"dull† reminds the audience of what the ghost told him in Act I. If Hamlet didn’t take revenge the ghost said that he would be â€Å"duller than the fat weed/ That roots itself on Lethe wharf†. Hamlet seems to be accusing himself of not having the player's passion, of not hating Claudius strongly enough, of not loving his father strongly enough. Hamlet is mad at himself not because he hasn’t killed Claudius but because he hasn’t said anything. So Hamlet instead of plotting against Claudius dwells on himself.Another character trait is being developed by Shakespeare, one that the audience is very much familiar with since Hamlet’s first soliloquy where he extrapolates his own grief over Denmark, the world in general. It is Hamlet’s egocentric side. -Note the abounding number of personal pronouns (I, my, me) used by Hamlet in the soliloquy. It is as if the world revolved around him. When Hamlet shows the actor’s passion and enthusiasm about his role it is only to stress on his own lack of passion. It is as if the actor were a tool that Hamlet makes use of in order to urge himself into action. The soliloquy is presented as a dialogue between Hamlet and himself. The prince is willing to work himself into a state of passion, revengefulness: â€Å"Am I a coward? † The use of the future tense at the end of the soliloquy when Hamlet confirms his intentions concerning the mouse trap is also significant, in sense that Hamlet seems like convincing himself that he will finally do something, that he has a plan, he projects himself into the future trying to influence it â€Å"I’ll observe his looks, I’ll tent him to the quick (†¦) I’ll catch the conscience of the king.At some stage he seems to imagine someone insulting him, â€Å" Who calls me a vi llain, breaks my pate across, plucks off my beard and blows it in my face†. This helps building his rage which culminates when he remembers Claudius in the following lines†Bloody bawdy villain! Remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindless, villain! Oh, vengeance† Note the emotiveness of the passage, Hamlet breaks into an emotional climax; he is outraged at the simple thought of his father’s murderer.One could imagine him spitting these words out loud with his finger pointed at an imaginary Claudius accusing him of all of his crimes and ultimately stabbing him with an imaginary dagger with† vengeance† in his mind. -But, this is only an imaginary vengeance or Hamlet trying to rehearse in order to get himself in the mood. In the lines that follow Hamlet’s focus is again back on himself and how pathetic the whole buildup of passion has been† What an ass am I†.The prince thinks that it is not fit for him to curse himself, as he sou nd like a â€Å"whore† or a â€Å"drab† or a male whore â€Å" a scullion†. Hamlet here is putting on his misogynist character, he cannot tolerate women that in his opinion are all â€Å"whores†, like his beloved Ophelia who betrayed him, or his mother who betrayed his â€Å"dear† father. This negative vision, attitude toward women is consistent with Hamlet who in his first soliloquy has already made a sweeping condemnation of the latter â€Å"Frailty thy name is woman†. So the prince’s main target in this soliloquy is himself.He is concerned with questions related with whether he is a coward or not, whether he should act or continue â€Å" like a whore unpack my heart with words†. We could therefore ask ourselves what purposes this passage serves in the play apart from characterizing Hamlet. -It has little dramatic value given that there is no action. The tension is released, Hamlet is alone on stage meditating yet again and a part from the bits where he gets over agitated the tension in the passage is kept at the minimum. -The passage has also little value in terms of its contribution to the plot.The plot hardly advances in the soliloquy, the mouse trap idea that Hamlet comes up with at the end has been conceived earlier when he asked the first player to prepare for the Murder of Gonzago right before the soliloquy. -The passage therefore rather confirms the plot and serves as a means of delaying the Murder of Gonzago as well as the eventual Hamlet’s murder of Claudius. The mouse trap seems to be the first practical idea that Hamlet has ever had since the beginning of the play. It is a relatively reliable plan which would help him find out whether or not his uncle has anything to do with his father’s death.But the audience wonders if this is not simply another excuse for not acting. Indeed, if Hamlet really wanted to kill his uncle the soliloquy would be unnecessary. Hamlet’s characte r is pretty ambiguous. On the one hand he considers that his uncle is the most sinful person that has ever existed â€Å"Bloody bawdy villain, remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindles, villain†. On the other hand, this enumeration of adjectives that negatively qualify his uncle is counterbalanced by the fact that the ghost might also be a misleading â€Å"devil†, a possibility which Hamlet reconsiders at the end of the soliloquy.This uncertainty that revolves around Hamlet’s character brings us back to the central question of the soliloquy: is Hamlet a coward? Is he ever going to act? The later developments of the play reinforce the doubt. -It is also important to mention the theme of appearance versus reality that is embedded in the central figure of the soliloquy, that of the actor. For Hamlet the actor stands for â€Å"conceit†, or in other words deception, which Hamlet despises and is disgusted with. In this sense Uncle Claudius, the ultimate liar and deceiver of the play is certainly viewed by Hamlet as an actor as well.Ironically enough, in order to uncover the truth and show Claudius’ deceptive nature Hamlet resorts to deceit as well by conceiving the mouse trap. For Hamlet therefore deception is a way of revealing the truth, and he certainly views theater as a powerful tool capable not only of putting masks on but also dropping the others. But, what is more striking is Hamlet’s obsession with the idea that there is often a disconnect between what people appear to be and what they really are â€Å"is it not monstrous.. †.Note the mocking tone with which he relates to the actor’s job, one filled with admiration as well, given that Hamlet finds himself unable to do the same for his genuine reasons. In the case of his uncle, Hamlet has been told by the ghost that he is a serpent, but the ghost itself under his father’s outfit could also be the devil. Hamlet cannot trust anybody, especially not women who he associates with deception; he is disgusted with human nature â€Å"that one can smile and smile and be a villain†, which is again ironic when Hamlet realizes that in his world lies and deceit take a necessary part of the daily life.So the passage is the occasion for Shakespeare to further characterize Hamlet, to show his exacerbated feelings towards himself and those who deceive. Two of Hamlet’s character traits are confirmed in the passage: he is self-loathing and egocentric. Also, this passage explores one of the fundamental themes of the play: the theme of appearance versus reality. Also, Shakespeare through the figure of the actor, and the play within the play demonstrates and acclaims the powers of theater.

Financial Aid Appeal Essay

First year of college was very challenging to me yet I was still wasn’t ready for the courses that I chose. My goal was to obtain an a degree maybe, i haven’t decided yet, and then i wanted to transfer to a 4 year institute to obtain a B.A Degree. My educational goal was to be majoring in an unknown field to many. In Fall 2009 I chose courses I have since realized were too difficult for a first-time student and I became overwhelmed. Having had no prior experience with college-level life, courses, and exams. I was not sure what to expect and learned that my study techniques lacking, resulting in poor grades. I also failed to attend the review sessions, did not seek assistance from my professor or tutoring help, and as a result I failed my courses. Due to these circumstances I have been rendered ineligible to receive financial aid. Without financial aid I will be unable to continue my education because I cannot afford the cost of supplies, fees, transportation, and personal expenses. Receiving financial aid will allow me more time to study properly. Without it, I will be forced to take time away from my studies in order to work. My academics are my first priority now and I realize I need to devote all of my time to them in order to be successful in the future I recently evaluated my plans to improve my academic. I have determined the following points to be the keys to my educational success. 1. I will balance the course choices better. 2. I will manage my time wisely on academics. 3. I will seek assistance with my coursework when I have difficulties. 4. I will maintain communication with my professors on a regular basis to ensure success in my courses 5. Complete classes C or better. I understand the expectation better now and I am doing well in my coursework this semester with currently all passing grades. I have made a huge improvement and I am determined to pass every class this semester. Although I have made great improvements, without financial aid I fear I will find myself struggling to succeed once again. I hope those of the financial aid committee who read this will give me a second chance to help me accomplish my goals and reach success for the rest of my time at college. Thank you for allowing me the opportunity to explain my financial circumstances. I look forward to hearing about your decision. Sincerely, Any correction/improvement needed? thanks

Accounting Scandals

The events that followed had worldwide implications and were analyzed extensively in the media as well as In government circles. Experts pointed their fingers at a number of different reasons that led to the massive fraud in business and accounting practices in the Enron collapse. One theory put forth by Alex Person of the New York Times was that â€Å"the focus that analysts, Investors and executives place on quarterly earnings as a company's success indicator† began to take precedence over the ethics of executives and accountants (Roberts 808). In PaulCraig Roberts' review of Forenoon's book, he disagrees with Forenoon's contention, or at least points out the holes that he sees with that logic. Roberts points out that the scapegoats Person cites as the root causes of the scandals (quarterly earnings, stock options. And price competition between accounting firms) were In fact yesterdays reforms intent upon increasing the protection of corporate investors (old. ). Person posit s that a â€Å"cult† of the quarterly earnings developed, which in some cases caused executives and accountants to trade ethical accounting practice for the healthy appearance of the company.Roberts' rebuttal points out that quarterly earnings were the result of a reform that sought to provide investors with more timely information about the financial condition of companies. Roberts also mentioned how accounting had traditionally relied on â€Å"character and internal censure† to moderate fair practices. This culture was based upon a pay scale according to seniority. But in the sass's the FTC changed the accounting culture to one where partners were not paid by seniority, but by how much business they could bring to the firm.Conflicts of interest were also introduced into this ultra when accounting firms began to consult with the businesses they were supposed to be auditing. (old. ) Roberts makes it clear that he believes federal regulations have a lot to do with the s candals that occurred. He seems to feel that a culture of honesty and integrity in the business and accounting professions Is the most effective way to curb shady business dealing. Roberts even analogies that â€Å"standard accounting practices are like door locks.They keep honest people honest. But they cannot prevent fraud any more than a door lock can prevent favorable entry. † (old. . Another interesting perspective suggests that â€Å"executives are likely to commit more fraud as the expected costs of committing fraud decline† (â€Å"How to Clean up†¦ † F-4). The article infers that in the sass's when much of the fraud was occurring, the cost of getting caught was so low that fraud likely increased. It also analyzes the U. S. Crestless market In ten , wanly â€Å"grew ostentatiously†¦ T a rate Tanat Tar outpaced the growth in resources at the SEC† (old. ). There was also an increase in corporations with a large amount of intangible assets s uch as telecommunications. The aforementioned editorial thinks that a company's intangible assets make it harder to detect fraud than in corporations with tangible assets like food and textiles. To bolster the point of the editorial, it is further noted that most of the high profile accounting scandals in the sass's occurred in companies with intangible assets.This editorial seems to imply that lax regulations are the reason for increased fraud, and ultimately that an increase in regulation will decrease fraud. This conclusion is in stark contrast to Roberts' article mentioned previously. But they represent opinions on two ends of the spectrum when placing blame for the accounting scandals of the sass's and sass's. (old. ) While the reasons for the accounting scandals are infinite in number, the somewhat opposing viewpoints of these two articles shed light on a number of possibilities.What seems to be agreed upon throughout both articles is that no matter the condition of the market or the regulations in place, lapses in ethical Judgment are the root cause of most of these situations. This strongly suggests that the power to avoid another round of scandals like the ones experienced in the sass's lies in the individual accountant or business executive to know the ethical standards to which he is held, and to abide by them. There were a number of effects that the accounting scandals caused on corporate businesses in the United States and worldwide.The main issue was that trust in public companies waned. Investors polled after the Enron scandal said that even after certain regulations were introduced, â€Å"they had lingering doubts about the industry integrity' (Green-Morale). This issue of public trust was a serious, yet largely superficial view of the state of corporate business and accounting. Some feared that an overreaction to the accounting industry would create â€Å"bad public policy' (â€Å"How to Clean Up†¦ F-4). And to this day debate goes on about the pros and cons of the Serbians-Solely Act of 2002.Aside from the public policy revisions, the market numbers following the Enron scandal seem to indicate that there was very little effect on the actual market itself. One year after the Enron scandal first came to light, the S&P 500 declined by 28. 3 percent. Although this initially appears like a direct result of the accounting scandal, analysis of world markets at the time tell a different story. At the same time as the S&P 500 downturn, Britain's FETES declined 27. 5 percent, France's CA declined 34. 9 percent, and Germany's ADDAX declined 36. 8 percent (old. . These numbers indicate that there was a world-wide fluctuation in the market, even in countries not beset by an accounting scandal. Other possibilities for this downturn were considered likely, such as â€Å"a slowdown in economic activity, excess capacity in the worldwide telecommunications market, and uncertainty over terrorism and Iraq† (old. ). Further e vidence that the market was not directly affected by the scandals is leaned from the movements of stock prices in the telecommunications industry, where a large number of the scandals occurred.Before the scandals were brought to light, the Nasdaq Telecoms Index had declined by 80 percent from a high in March 2000. (old. ). This indicates that there was a prominent downturn in the telecommunications market before the scandals occurred. If the focus is narrowed in even Turner, tons tale upon ten actual companies Tanat suffered Trot scandals, ten numbers continue to support the idea that the market was declining before the scandals occurred. In August 2000, Enron's stock price peaked at $90. By October 15, 2001 , the last trading day before the scandal broke, Enron stock had already fallen to $33 a share.This indicates a 2/3 drop in value before any hint of scandal had reached the public. So, while it is certainly likely that the scandals had an initial effect on the market, in the lon g term there was already a downturn unrelated to the accounting scandals. Similar to the effects to corporate business, the effects to the accounting industry have been largely related to image. A large effort was made to restore the public trust in accounting. One accounting industry insider recognized that they Molted the trust and confidence of †¦ Linens and [they] need to get that back† (Green- Morale). Many in the accounting field expressed concerned about a â€Å"congressional rush to Judgment in trying to make the whole problem Just an accountant's problem† (Taylor old). Whether or not it was a rush to Judgment, the federal government made some drastic changes that affect the accounting industry to this day. Most notably is the Serbians-Solely Act of 2002, which was signed into law and created a body whose sole responsibility was the regulation of accounting firms that edited publicly traded companies.When it was initially introduced, the Serbians- Solely Ac t was costing companies millions of dollars to initiate and maintain compliance. An annual survey is done by Financial Executives International to track how much money it is costing companies to comply with Serbians-Solely, specifically section 404. There most recent survey of 2007 noted that compliance fees among companies with market capitalizations of $75 million were $2. 9 million during fiscal year 2006. This is a 23 percent drop from year 2005, and a 35 percent drop from the initiation of Serbians-Solely in 2002 (â€Å"FEE Survey†¦ ). While companies are increasing their efficiency in regards to compliance with Serbians-Solely, it has still put a large strain on the accounting industry. The FEE Survey seems to indicate that efficiency will likely increase and then level off, with companies having an annual expense that includes compliance fees related to Serbians-Solely. Whether this Act is too much government regulation is arguable on both sides. But it did accomplish a larger goal, which was to begin to restore confidence in the accounting profession to the public.Another significant population that was affected by the accounting scandals was the academic side. The heads of accounting programs throughout the country initially feared lower enrollments due to the accounting scandals. But figures seem to indicate that there was actually an increase in enrollment from 2002 to 2003 (Dotard 59). Many programs offered new courses as a direct result of the scandals. These courses involved such topics as fraud detection, corporate governance and ethics (old. ). Many programs also offered presentations, seminars, and lectures with an increased emphasis on professional ethics.A survey done by the American Institute of Spa's sought to gauge student attitudes towards accounting after the scandals. The survey generally found that the more educated students were about the accounting scandals, the more positive their attitudes were. This â€Å"suggested that op en communication and straight talk†¦ Could improve student attitudes† (old. ). It would seem that numbers wise, the accounting scandal has not affected enrollments In accounting programs In a gallants way. IT anything, ten scandals nave served to opening dialogue with students about the importance of ethical standards and fraud revelation.The firm that I work at, Crower Cheek, was not specifically effected by some of these changes implemented, but was affected in a general way by the change in business and accounting culture that occurred. The business and accounting industries as a whole came through the early sass's relatively unscathed. Sure there was major damage done to the public image of both professions, but they have generally recovered and have continued to comply with the new regulations resulting from the Serbians-Solely Act and other SEC provisions. But there are a number of strives that have come about as a result of the scandals and subsequent government ac tion.More skepticism is being brought into the audit process. Companies are considering how fraud could occur â€Å"even if there's no indication it is there. † Also, â€Å"investors are becoming better-educated about corporate financial statements†¦ And are not putting so much credence in the views of media pundits and analysts† (Allen 7). Students who are considering or have chosen accounting as a profession now have an increased dialogue concerning ethics, fraud, and the consequences thereof in a corporate scandal. Overall this increased dialogue seems o be the most straightforward method to prevent future scandals.